objective(s):spinal cord injury (sci) is one of the most serious clinical diseases and its treatment has been a subject of interest to researchers. there are two important therapeutic strategies in the treatment of sci: replacing lost tissue cells through cells implantation and scar elimination. therefore, in this study we used human adipose-derived stem cells (hadscs) implantation and injectio...

UNLABELLED The blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits entry of blood-derived products, pathogens, and cells into the brain that is essential for normal neuronal functioning and information processing. Post-mortem tissue analysis indicates BBB damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The timing of BBB breakdown remains, however, elusive. Using an advanced dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI protocol with high sp...

Suppose $f\in L^1(\Bbb{R}^d)$, $\Lambda\subset\Bbb{R}^d$ is a finite union of translated lattices such that $f+\Lambda$ tiles with weight. We prove there exists lattice $L\subset\Bbb{R}^d$ $f+L$ also tiles, possibly different As corollary, together result Kolountzakis, it implies any convex polygon multi-tiles the plane by translations admits multi-tiling, multiplicity.

Methamphetamine (Meth) is a widely abuse psychostimulant. Traditionally, studies have focused on the neurotoxic effects of Meth on monoaminergic neurotransmitter terminals. Recently, both in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated the effects of Meth on the BBB and found that Meth produces a decrease in BBB structural proteins and an increase in BBB permeability to various molecules. Moreov...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is compromised in many systemic and CNS diseases, including HIV-1 infection of the brain. We studied BBB disruption caused by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) as a model. Exposure to gp120, whether acute [by direct intra-caudate-putamen (CP) injection] or chronic [using SV(gp120), an experimental model of ongoing production of gp120] disrupted the BBB, and l...

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) nicotine transfer has been well documented in view of the fact that this alkaloid is a cerebral blood flow marker. However, limited data are available that describe BBB penetration of the major tobacco alkaloids after chronic nicotine exposure. This question needs to be addressed, given long-term nicotine exposure alters both BBB function and morphology. In contrast to...

Aluminum and zinc are two important trace elements in an organism. Although several studies have demonstrated their impacts on the intelligence, very little was known about their effects on the integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB). To study the effects of aluminum and zinc on the permeability of BBB, different doses of aluminum and appropriate zinc were administered to rats. Evans blue was de...

INTRODUCTION Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumors in adults. The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a major limitation reducing efficacy of anti-cancer drugs in the treatment of GBM patients. Areas covered: Virtually all GBM recur after the first-line treatment, at least partly, due to invasive tumor cells protected from chemotherapeutic agents by the ...

Culture-based blood-brain barrier (BBB) models are crucial tools to enable rapid screening of brain-penetrating drugs. However, reproducibility of in vitro barrier properties and permeability remain as major challenges. Here, we report that self-assembling multicellular BBB spheroids display reproducible BBB features and functions. The spheroid core is comprised mainly of astrocytes, while brai...

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) is a specialized non fenestrate barrier that formation by the endothelial cells and controls the transportation of the cells and molecules in to the brain. Reducing in function of BBB is one of disruptions in neurological diseases like multiple sclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) help to the BBB to control the diapedesis of inflammatory cells & molecules in to...