The biological treatment of wastewater discharged from a biodiesel fuel (BDF) production plant conducting alkali catalysis transesterification was investigated. BDF wastewater has a high pH and high hexane-extracted oil and low nitrogen concentrations, and inhibits the growth of microorganisms. The biological treatment of BDF wastewater is difficult because the composition of such wastewater is...

AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate whether agents which enhance force of contraction via increasing intracellular Na+, i.e. cAMP-independently, remain effective in failing human myocardium. METHODS Cumulative concentration-response curves with (+/-)BDF 9148 (0.01-10 mumol l-1), a Na(+)-channel activator, and ouabain (0.01-0.1 mumol l-1), a Na+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, were per...

This paper presents a transformation scheme from Boolean-controlled dataflow (BDF) networks to Petri nets (PN) that has the following properties. A BDF has a bounded length schedule, if and only if the transformed Petri net has a bounded length schedule. A BDF has a bounded memory schedule if the transformed PN has a bounded memory schedule. The existence of bounded memory schedule of BDF is pr...

The problem of nonlinear estimation is reexamined, and a new semi-parametric representation of uncertainty called the Biscay distribution is presented. The Biscay distribution is combined with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a new filtering paradigm called the Biscay distribution filter (BDF) is developed. The BDF is provably optimal for linear estimation and generalizes naturally to nonli...

Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) expansion into adjacent forests is a widespread phenomenon in subtropical regions, and it has greatly changed the dominance hierarchy from trees to bamboos. This process may be accompanied by changes in productivity, nutrients accumulation and biogeochemical cycles. We compared the net primary production (NPP) and major pools and fluxes of nitrogen (N) in bamboo...

Benzodifuran (BDF) single-molecule transistors have been fabricated in electromigration break junctions for electronic measurements. The inelastic electron tunneling spectrum validates that the BDF molecule is the pathway of charge transport. The gating effect is analyzed in the framework of a single-level tunneling model combined with transition voltage spectroscopy (TVS). The analysis reveals...

1. BDF 9148 is a newly synthesized congener of DPI 201-106 in which the piperazidinyl moiety has been replaced by an azetidine-3-oxy-moiety. The inotropic effect of both drugs was studied as well as their influence on the action potential, by use of standard microelectrode techniques. 2. BDF 9148 increased the contractile force of guinea-pig atria and papillary muscles. The EC50 was 1.32 X 10(-...

Abstract : — Block Digital Filtering (BDF) is a well known method for fast digital ltering. Indeed, it decomposes the input signal into blocks and takes pro t of complexity reduction provided by the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm to considerably reduce the computational cost. In this paper, we propose a simple and ef cient matrixoriented approach to compute and visualize the frequency respons...