The recent discovery of neutrino oscillations, has implications for the Standard Model of particle physics. Knowing the contribution of neutrinos to the Standard Model, needs precise measurements of the parameters governing the neutrino oscillations. The EUROnu Design Study (European Commision FP7 program) will review three facilities (the so-called Super-Beams, Beta Beams and Neutrino Factorie...

Title of Dissertation: LONGITUDINAL DYNAMICS OF AN INTENSE ELECTRON BEAM John Richardson Harris, Ph.D., 2005 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Patrick G. O'Shea, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The dynamics of charged particle beams are governed by the particles' thermal velocities, external focusing forces, and Coulomb forces. Beams in which Coulomb forces play the dominant...

Modern dual photon energy linear accelerators often come with a few megavoltage electron beams. The megavoltage electron beam has limited range and relative sharp distal falloff in its depth dose curve compared to that of megavoltage photon beam. Its radiation dose is often delivered appositionally to cover the target volume to its distal 90% depth dose (d90), while avoiding the normal--sometim...

The Leksell Gamma Knife [Elekta Corp] uses helmets as collimators to produce four standard beam sizes. The nominal beam diameters are 18, 14, 8, and 4 mm. During computer treatment planning for gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery, the size of the treated volume may differ from the standard beam sizes. To maintain conformality of the isodose curves to the treated volume, beam sizes may be supe...

We study the influence of two resonant laser beams (to be referred to as the control and probe beams) on the centre of mass motion of ultra-cold atoms characterised by three energy levels of the Λ-type. The laser beams being in the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) configuration drive the atoms to their dark states. We impose the adiabatic approximation and obtain an effective equa...

Due to lack of theory of elasticity, estimation of ultimate torsional strength of reinforcement concrete beams is a difficult task. Therefore, the finite element methods could be applied for determination of strength of concrete beams. Furthermore, for complicated, highly nonlinear and ambiguous status, artificial neural networks are appropriate tools for prediction of behavior of such states. ...

The studying of how twisted light interacts with chiral matter on the nanoscale is paramount for tackling the challenging task of optomechanical separation of nanoparticle enantiomers, whose solution can revolutionize the entire pharmaceutical industry. Here we calculate optical forces and torques exerted on chiral nanoparticles by Laguerre-Gaussian beams carrying a topological charge. We show ...

In this paper, we have extended the recently introduced theory of coupled propagation of two coaxially co-propagating and mutually incoherent bright 1-D beams to coupled propagation of two 2-D (cylindrical) bright beams and investigated the propagation behavior and spatial soliton pair formation of such beams by a recently introduced simple approach. We have considered saturable form of the non...

We give a brief overview of the recent advances in nonlinear singular optics that studies the propagation and stability of optical vortices in nonlinear media, with the emphasis on the properties of vortex solitons and rotating azimuthons. In general, self-focusing nonlinearity generates the azimuthal instability of vortex beams, but it can support novel types of stable (or metastable) self-tra...

It is shown that Hermite-Gaussian beams, Laguerre-Gaussian beams, and certain linear combinations thereof are the only finite-energy coherent beams that propagate, on free propagation, in a shape-invariant manner. All shape-invariant beams have Gouy phase of the universal c arctan(z/zR) form, with quantized values for the prefactor c. It is also shown that, as limiting cases, even two- and thre...