The physiological and biochemical basis for quinclorac resistance in a false cleavers (Galium spurium L.) biotype was investigated. There was no difference between herbicide resistant (R) and susceptible (S) false cleavers biotypes in response to 2,4-D, clopyralid, glyphosate, glufosinate-ammonium, or bentazon. On the basis of GR(50) (growth reduction of 50%) or LD(50) (lethal dose to 50% of te...

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings that were grown under a photoperiod of 12 hours darkness and 12 hours light showed oscillations in their sensitivity to the herbicides sodium 5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoate (acifluorfen), butyl 2-(4-((5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)oxy)phenoxy)propanoate (fluazifop) and 3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide ...

Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate effects of selected herbicides on hatching of free eggs of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. The herbicides used were Atrazine (atrazine), Basagran (bentazon), Bladex (cyanazine), Blazer (acifluorfen), Command (clomazone), Lasso (alachlor), Sonalan (ethalfluralin), and Treflan (trifluralin). Treatments comprised two concentrations of c...

In the Catalan area (Spain), diuron and bentazon are extensively used to control weeds therefore abundant in agricultural drainage. White-rot fungi have a high potential for removing these contaminants because of potent nonsubstrate-specific lignin-degrading enzyme system. Unfortunately, bacterial contamination hinders practical application fungal treatment. this study, trickle bed reactor (TBR...

In many EU countries, spray applications should comply with increasingly stringent requirements regarding the drift reduction class of nozzles. Many farmers fear that use drift-reducing nozzles producing coarse droplet spectra may compromise performance contact herbicides on small weed targets. This study examined effects various ISO 03 flat-fan (pre-orifice and single dual air induction nozzle...