OBJECTIVES Animal inhalation studies and theoretical models suggest that the pattern of formation of benzene metabolites changes as exposure to benzene increases. To determine if this occurs in humans, benzene metabolites in urine samples collected as part of a cross sectional study of occupationally exposed workers in Shanghai, China were measured. METHODS With organic vapour monitoring badg...

Benzene toxicity is attributed to its metabolism, which is primarily mediated by the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1 isoform (CYP2E1). The present study investigated the myelotoxicity and urinary concentrations of major benzene metabolites in adult CD-1 male mice treated with low levels of benzene vapors, ethanol, or a combination of the two. Groups of ethanol-treated (5% in a Lieber-DeCa...

(Diacetoxyiodo)benzene has been used as an efficient catalyst for an improved and rapid one-pot synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives in excellent yield under reflux condition using water as a environmentally benign reaction medium. This aqua mediated Knoevenagel condensation of various aromatic and hetero-aromatic aldehydes with 4-hydroxycoumarin using catalytic amount of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene...

A large cohort of 74,828 benzene-exposed and 35,805 nonexposed workers employed between 1972 and 1987 in 12 cities in China was followed to determine mortality from all causes. Benzene-exposed study subjects were employed in a variety of occupations including coating applications, and rubber, chemical, and shoe production. Mortality was slightly increased among workers with greater cumulative e...

The inhalation cancer potency of benzene was estimated from observations of leukemia among U.S. rubber hydrochloride workers exposed to benzene (Pliofilm Cohort) (Rinsky et al., 1987; Paxton et al., 1994) and benzene-exposed workers from various industries in China (Chinese Worker Cohort) (Hayes et al., 1997). In estimating potency, observations were assumed to follow a Poisson distribution. Re...

In the title compound, C(29)H(19)F(2)NO(2), the central benzene ring forms a dihedral angle of 56.92 (12)° with the cyano-benzene ring and dihedral angles of 40.91 (12) and 44.76 (12)° with the two fluoro-benzene rings. In the crystal, C-H⋯O and C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into sheets lying parallel to the ab plane. The crystal packing also features C-H⋯π inter-actions involving th...

Benzene, a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, is known to cause leukemia and aplastic anemia in humans and hematotoxicity and myelotoxicity in rodents. Toxicity is thought to be exerted through oxidative metabolites formed in the liver, primarily via pathways mediated by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Phenol, hydroquinone and trans-trans-muconaldehyde have all been hypothesized to be involved i...

OBJECTIVE Human exposure to benzene is associated with multiple adverse health effects with an increased risk of developing carcinogenesis. Benzene exposure is known to affect many critical organs including the hematological, hepatic, renal, lung, and cardiac functions. The purpose of this study is to examine the health effects of benzene exposure among nonsmoking subjects from a prolonged flar...

Field sampling and mathematical modeling are used to study the long-distance transport and attenuation of petroleum-derived benzene in the Uinta Basin, Utah. Benzene concentration was measured from oil and oil field formation waters of the Altamont-Bluebell and Pariette Bench oil fields in the basin. It was also measured from springs located in the regional groundwater discharge areas, hydrauli...

Occupational exposure to benzene is known to cause leukemia, but the mechanism remains unclear. Unlike most other carcinogens, benzene and its metabolites are weakly or nonmutagenic in most simple gene mutation assays. Benzene and its metabolites do, however, produce chromosomal damage in a variety of systems. Here, we have used the glycophorin A (GPA) gene loss mutation assay to evaluate the n...