The fine dissection of nerves and blood vessels in the tarsal tunnel is necessary for clinical operations to provide anatomical information. A total of 60 feet from 30 cadavers were dissected. Two imaginary reference lines that passed through the tip of the medial malleolus were applied. A detailed description of the branch pattern and the corresponding position of the posterior tibial nerve, p...

In this paper, we propose a retinal vascular network model, which is an automatic process of generating a graph representation (i.e., a tree) of the retinal blood vessels and includes vessel geometrical features. It maps the retinal blood vessels and can facilitate vascular features such as the vessel width, bifurcation angle, among others to predict or earlier diagnose cardiovascular and relat...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the bifurcation and chaotic behaviour in the two-parameter family of transcendental functions fλ,n(x) = λ x (ex+1)n , λ > 0, x ∈ R, n ∈ N\{1} which arises from the generating function of the generalized Apostol-type polynomials. The existence of the real fixed points of fλ,n(x) and their stability are studied analytically and the periodic points of fλ,n(x...

MOTIVATION Biochemical networks often yield interesting behavior such as switching, oscillation and chaotic dynamics. This article describes a tool that is capable of searching for bifurcation points in arbitrary ODE-based reaction networks by directing the user to regions in the parameter space, where such interesting dynamical behavior can be observed. RESULTS We have implemented a genetic ...

In ecology, the refuge protection of prey plays a significant role in dynamics interactions between and predator. this paper, we investigate non-smooth prey–predator mathematical model characterized by density-dependent intermittent prey. The assumes population density predator as an index for to decide on when avail or discontinue protection, representing level apprehension predators. We apply...

In the main text (Figure 1) cone angles were computed for complete branches, i.e. for each branch from the bifurcation point to the next bifurcation or terminal point, because these points are morphologically well defined. In Figure S2 we show the same analysis but for bifurcations to the closest point available in the reconstruction. These first points were selected by those who performed each...

We study noise-induced switching of a system close to bifurcation parameter values where the number of stable states changes. For non-Gaussian noise, the switching exponent, which gives the logarithm of the switching rate, displays a non-power-law dependence on the distance to the bifurcation point. This dependence is found for Poisson noise. Even weak additional Gaussian noise dominates switch...

für Naturforschung in cooperation with the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Dieses Werk wurde im Jahr 2013 vom Verlag Zeitschrift für Naturforschung in Zusammenarbeit mit der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. digitalisiert und unter folgender Lizenz veröffentlicht: Creative Commons Namen...

We study connected branches of non-constant 2π-periodic solutions of the Hamilton equation ẋ(t) = λJ∇H(x(t)), where λ ∈ (0,+∞), H ∈ C(R ×Rn,R) and ∇H(x0) = [ A 0 0 B ] for x0 ∈ ∇H−1(0). The Hessian ∇H(x0) can be singular. We formulate sufficient conditions for the existence of such branches bifurcating from given (x0, λ0). As a consequence we prove theorems concerning the existence of connected...