The living cell uses a variety of molecular receptors to read and process chemical signals that vary in space and time. We model the dynamics of such molecular level measurements as Markov processes in steady state, with a coupling between the receptor and the signal. We prove exactly that, when the signal dynamics is not perturbed by the receptors, the free energy consumed by the measurement p...

We reformulate the Bekenstein bound as the requirement of positivity of the Helmholtz free energy at the minimum value of the function L = E−S/(2πR), where R is some measure of the size of the system. The minimum of L occurs at the temperature T = 1/(2πR). In the case of n-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime, the rather poorly defined size R acquires a precise definition in terms of the AdS ra...

A tight-binding model is fit to first-principles calculations for copper that include structures distorted according to elastic constants and highsymmetry phonon modes. With the resulting model the first-principlesbased phonon dispersion and the free energy are calculated in the quasiharmonic approximation. The resulting thermal expansion, the temperatureand volume-dependence of the elastic con...

A lower bound is derived on the free energy (per unit volume) of a homogeneous Bose gas at density ̺ and temperature T . In the dilute regime, i.e., when a̺ ≪ 1, where a denotes the scattering length of the pair-interaction potential, our bound differs to leading order from the expression for non-interacting particles by the term 4πa(2̺−[̺−̺c]+). Here, ̺c(T ) denotes the critical density for Bose-Ein...

We study the ratio of the entropy to the total energy in conformal field theories at finite temperature. For the free field realizations of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in D = 4 and the (2, 0) tensor multiplet in D = 6, the ratio is bounded from above. The corresponding bounds are less stringent than the recently proposed Verlinde bound. We show that entropy bounds arise generically in CFTs in...

most of the biological phenomena are influenced by intermolecular recognition and interaction. thus, understanding the thermodynamics of biomacromolecule ligand interaction is a very interesting area in biochemistry and biotechnology. one of the most powerful techniques to obtain precise information about the energetics of (bio) molecules binding to other biological macromolecules is isothermal...

Curcumin (CUR) is the active curcuminoid with many physiological, biochemical, and pharmacological properties. Solubility and stability of CUR is the limiting factors for realizing its therapeutic potential. Bovine β-casein is an abundant milk protein that is highly amphiphilic and self-assembles into stable micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution. β-Casein nanoparticle can solubilize CUR mo...