INTRODUCTION Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), 4-aminoquinoline, is an antimalarial drug and has become a basic therapy for rheumatic disease treatment. It can stabilize the condition of SLE patients and reduce the chances of patient relapse through its immunosuppressive function and antiinflammatory effects. This drug was absorbed completely and rapidly by oral administration, but has a prolonged half...

Modeling and simulation methods are now commonly used in drug product development and regulatory drug review process. These applications include, but are not limited to: the development of biorelevant specifications, determination of bioequivalence matrixes for modified release products with rapid therapeutic onset, design of in vitro-in vivo correlations in a mechanistic framework, and predict...

Atorvastatin is a lipid-lowering agent, approved for treatment once daily at 10-80 mg doses in adults and at 10-20 mg doses in children aged 10 years or older [15]. Following oral administration, atorvastatin is rapidly absorbed, and maximum plasma concentrations are achieved within 1 to 2 hours. Atorvastatin is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 to active metabolites: orthoand para...

The pharmacokinetics of olanzapine are linear and doseproportional within the approved dosage range from 1 mg up to 20 mg. Olanzapine is well absorbed following oral administration in both fed and fasted states . Food does not affect the rate or the extent of olanzapine absorption. Time of peak concentration ranges from 2-7 h [4,5]. Olanzapine is extensively distributed throughout the body, bin...

Venlafaxine is a unique antidepressant approved for treatment of various depressive disorders. A single dose, cross-over bioequivalence study was performed with two different formulations of venlafaxine 150 mg extended-release capsules in which the contents of capsule were mixed with applesauce and administered to healthy subjects under fed condition. A total of 24 healthy adult male subjects p...