In recent years, a series of new drugs have been developed through the application of molecular biology. These drugs act by blocking specific molecules of the immune system and have been developed to act on specific targets that play an important role in the pathophysiology of the diseases in which their therapeutic use has now been approved. Over time, experience has been accumulated in the us...

The number of biologic drugs available for the treatment psoriasis continue to expand. However, being biological proteins and thus potentially immunogenic, there is evidence that anti-drug-antibodies develop against various therapeutic currently utilised. Although chimeric antibodies contain elements parental monoclonal are anti-drug occur even if a fully human protein these can impact on clini...

INTRODUCTION There is insufficient evidence regarding the appropriate dose of methotrexate (MTX) required to achieve specific treatment goals in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving biologic drugs in Japan. The present study aimed to assess the dose-response effect of MTX in combination with adalimumab (ADA) to achieve low disease activity (LDA) and/or remission at 24 weeks in RA p...

OBJECTIVE To review the structure, function, clinical utility, and safety of current biologic targeted therapies being used for the treatment of asthma. DATA SOURCES Medical literature obtained from PubMed and OVID searches from June to November 2013. STUDY SELECTIONS Studies were selected based on article impact, relevance, and clinical significance. Particular emphasis was placed on artic...

Anti-TNF-α agents have emerged as a potent treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Increased susceptibility to infections induced by these drugs is the main complication of their use. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most worrisome side effects in patients with HBV infection receiving anti-TNF-α. W...

Neurobiology, genetics and treatment of alcohol craving Alcohol craving has increasingly been considered an important issue in alcohol use disorders in the last decade. Biologic studies on alcohol craving were mainly focused on neurobiology, genetics and pharmacological treatment of this condition. In this report, we started from receptor systems, than we explained genetics and epigenetics of a...