AIMS To study the pharmacokinetics of articaine and its metabolite articainic acid, in patients undergoing intravenous regional anaesthesia. METHODS Ten patients (three male, seven female, ASA class 1-2), scheduled for surgery of the hand or forearm were included in the study. Articaine (40 ml, 0.5% solution (200 mg) was injected over 30 s. In total fifteen arterial blood samples were taken; ...

this study was conducted to investigate the effect of ascites-related physiological and metabolic parameters in broiler chickens fed with different components of bentonite. two hundred and seven days old arian male chicks were allocated into five dietary treatment groups including 1) basal diet (control); 2) basal diet + 1% sulphated sodium bentonite (ssb); 3) basal diet + 1% non-processed sodi...

A fatality resulting from the suicidal ingestion of risperidone is described. The decedent had a lengthy history of mental illness but was otherwise healthy. Biological fluid samples obtained at autopsy were analyzed for risperidone by high-performance liquid chromatography. The blood concentration of risperidone was 1.8 mg/L, the urine concentration was 14.4 mg/L, and the concentration in the ...

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of Portulaca oleracea (PO),medicinal plant, on performance, egg traits, blood biochemical and immunity parameters of laying hens. One hundred eighty Hi-Line (W-36 strain) mature laying hens 65 up to 76 weeks of age were allotted in a completely randomized design consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replicates (12 birds per re...

A rat model was used to study if postmortem redistribution of the S- and R-enantiomers of citalopram (CIT) and its metabolites demethylcitalopram (DCIT) and didemethylcitalopram (DDCIT) occurs after three different subcutaneous dosing procedures with racemic CIT. Two groups underwent chronic administration (20 mg/kg daily) using osmotic pumps. After 10 days, 1 of these groups received an acute-...

BACKGROUND The present study describes the clinical features and plasma profiles of bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 (bPAG1), the main metabolite of prostaglandin F2alpha (PG metabolite) and progesterone (P4) in heifers in which early abortions were induced. METHODS Early abortions were induced in four heifers with cloprostenol and monitored by ultrasonography. Blood samples were co...

High blood pressure is a major contributor to the global burden of disease and discovering novel causal pathways of blood pressure regulation has been challenging. We tested blood pressure associations with 280 fasting blood metabolites in 3980 TwinsUK females. Survival analysis for all-cause mortality was performed on significant independent metabolites (P<8.9×10(-5)). Replication was conducte...

Background: Falciparum malaria is a severe health burden worldwide. Antigen presenting cells are reported to be affected by erythrocytic stage of the parasite. Malarial hemozoin (HZ), a metabolite of malaria parasite, has adjuvant properties and may play a role in the induction of immune response against the parasite. Objective: To determine the immunological impact of hemozoin on the capacity ...