The objective of this study was to describe the seroprevalence rates of bluetongue virus (BTV) in sheep in west and northwest provinces of Iran. Bluetongue virus, an economically important orbivirus of the Reoviridae family, causes a hemorrhagic disease mainly in sheep and occasionally in cattle and some species of deer. Bluetongue virus is transmitted between its mammalian hosts by certain spe...

Bluetongue is a primarily midge-borne devastating hemorrhagic viral disease of sheep characterized by high morbidity and mortality resulting severe economic losses to sheep farmers. An epidemiological study was undertaken to assess the crude and specific measures of morbidity, mortality and case fatality against bluetongue in sheep. In this study, a total of 11 bluetongue outbreaks were selecte...

Reemerging bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) in Germany was detected first in May 2007 in a sentinel cow and in February 2008 in an export heifer. Reemergence was confirmed by retesting the samples, experimental inoculation, fingerprinting analysis, and virus isolation. Overwintering of BTV-8 and continuous low-level infections are assumed.

The present study was conducted to ascertain the seroprevalence of bluetongue in cattle and buffalo population in Punjab, India. Total 92 serum samples were collected from female bovines belonging to 3 different agroclimatic zones of Punjab and subjected to cELISA test for the detection of anti-bluetongue antibodies. The overall apparent seroprevalence of bluetongue was 8.7%, while true serolog...

A field strain of bluetongue virus was isolated from a blood sample of a ram during an outbreak of bluetongue in November 1985 in western Texas. In this bluetongue outbreak at least 25 of the 2,000 sheep were infected. Isolation was made by intravenous inoculation of 11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. The serotype was identified as serotype 11 by serum neutralization tests. The genomic patter...

An outbreak of bluetongue caused by bluetongue virus serotype 2 virus in certain Mediterranean countries during 1999/2000, presented an opportunity to produce a monovalent type 2 vaccine. Since no data have been published previously on the protection conferred by the current live attenuated bluetongue vaccine strains used in the polyvalent vaccine, a challenge experiment was performed to determ...

Vaccination is one of the most efficient ways to control the spread of infectious diseases. Simulations are now widely used to assess how vaccination can limit disease spread as well as mitigate morbidity or mortality in susceptible populations. However, field studies investigating how much vaccines decrease the velocity of epizootic wave-fronts during outbreaks are rare. This study aimed at in...

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses conceal their genome from the host to avoid triggering unfavorable cellular responses. The crystal structure of the core of one such virus, bluetongue virus, reveals an outer surface festooned with dsRNA. This may represent a deliberate strategy to sequester dsRNA released from damaged particles to prevent host cell shutoff.

Exposure of pronghorns (Antilocapra americana) in western Nebraska in 1983 to selected livestock pathogens was examined by serology and attempted virus isolation. Antibodies were present to the agents of bluetongue, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. There were no serologic reactors to Brucella, and attempts to isolate the viruses of bluetongue and epizootic ...

Bluetongue is an arbovirus that affects different animal species, being most relevant in sheep because of the possible disease severity. This study aimed to evaluate occurrence antibodies against bluetongue virus (BTV) central-western region Paraná, Brazil, and risk factors for infection species. first determine these southern Brazil. A serological survey using agar gel immunodiffusion was posi...