This study investigated the temporal characteristics of gait initiation and gait termination. Ten nondisabled adult volunteers and ten people with unilateral transtibial limb loss performed starting and stopping for slow, normal, and fast walking speeds. We used kinematic and anthropomorphic data to determine the body center of mass (BCOM) position of each subject. The BCOM acceleration was der...

We present a numerical model for electron acceleration and radiation inside the body of an extragalactic jet. We model the jet environment as a turbulent medium generating non-linear structures (eddies and/or shocks) through a cascading process. These structures act like in-situ accelerators for the electrons that are initially injected from the central engine. Two types of acceleration process...

We present a numerical model for electron acceleration and radiation inside the body of an extra-galactic jet. We model the jet environment as a turbulent medium generating non-linear structures (eddies and/or shocks) through a cascading process. These structures act like in-situ accelerators for the electrons that are initially injected from the central engine. Two types of acceleration proces...

INTRODUCTION Animal travel speed is an ecologically significant parameter, with implications for the study of energetics and animal behaviour. It is also necessary for the calculation of animal paths by dead-reckoning. Dead-reckoning uses heading and speed to calculate an animal's path through its environment on a fine scale. It is often used in aquatic environments, where transmission telemetr...

BACKGROUND Balance assessment and training is utilized by clinicians and their patients to measure and improve balance. There is, however, little consistency in terms of how clinicians, researchers, and patients measure standing balance. Utilizing the inherent sensors in every smartphone, a mobile application was developed to provide a method of objectively measuring standing balance. OBJECTI...

Tail-flipping is a crucial escape locomotion of crustaceans which has been predicted to be limited by increased body mass (M(b)). Given isometric growth, one may predict that with growth event duration will decrease as M(b)(-)(1/3), translational distances will increase as M(b)(1/3), translational velocity will be independent of M(b), translational acceleration will decrease as M(b)(-)(1/3), an...

on the circular curve, lateral acceleration affects comfort. on the spiral, both lateral acceleration and jerk affect comfort.  the determination of maximum curving speed on the basis of lateral acceleration only is not critical because the lateral acceleration is proportional to the square of speed whereas jerk is proportional to cubic power of speed. the maximum speed on a curve is thus signi...

The biodynamic response of the seated human body has been investigated with 20 males exposed to upward and downward shocks at 13 fundamental frequencies (1-16 Hz) and 18 magnitudes (up to ±8.3 ms-2). For 1- and 2- degree-of-freedom models, the stiffness and damping coefficients were obtained by fitting seat acceleration waveforms predicted from the measured force to the measured seat accelerati...

nowadays, using public transportation vehicles like metro in large cities are of significance, and exposure to whole-body vibration for the metro passengers is one of the physical contaminations. this paper is conducted with the aim of evaluating the passengers’ convenience and health both in sitting and standing conditions. the present study was done on the passengers of lines 1, 2, and 4 of t...