This paper describes a method for converting a task-dependent grammar into a word predictor of a speech understanding system, Since tile word prediction is a top-down operation, le f t recursive rules induces an i n f i n i t e looping. We have solved this problem by applying an algorithm for bottom-up parsing,

Previous research has shown that math anxiety negatively affected cognitive performance in adults and adolescents beyond arithmetic. In children, math anxiety has been reported to impair arithmetic performance mainly in girls, but the effect of math anxiety on other cognitive skills has not been investigated in children so far. To fill this gap, the present study examined the effects of math an...

Some music has been proved effectively to mitigate anxiety, beneficial to reading. However, little was known on its influence of reading behaviors and outcomes. Thanks to the advance of e-book technology, it becomes possible to track reading rate and outcomes in a real-time manner by the underlying mobile devices. This study intends to examine the effects of the Mozart piece K.448 (sonata for t...

This paper addresses the problems of movement transformation in Prolog-based bottom-up parsing system. Three principles of Government-Binding theory are employed to deal with these problems. They are Empty Category Principle, C-command Principle, and Subjacency Principle. A formalism based upon them is proposed. Translation algorithms are given to add these linguistic principles to the general ...

An adaptation of the standard LR(1) and LALR(1) parsing algorithm is described such that a top-down parse order is produced rather than the standard bottom-up order. This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Information Technology Research Centre of Ontario and Queen's University at Kingston. James Schmeiser is a developer in the IBM Canada ...