Objective There is increasing evidence that BrainDerived Neurotrophic Factor may be involved in the pathophysiology of depression and the actions of antidepressants. At the same time, the differential diagnosis between unipolar and bipolar depression is often a challenge with important treatment implications. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between BrainDerived Neur...

Drugs of abuse regulate the expression of several genes involved in receptor regulation and signalling, transcription factors and cytoskeleton proteins. Due to its implication in long-term memory consolidation, rat hippocampus was selected to identify genes that are differently regulated by morphine and/or cocaine administration. The animals were randomly separated into four groups given saline...

The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group had higher brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels as compared to the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) group, according to a study published by Journal of Psychiatry. Hyun Kim and Kang Joon Lee, Inje University Ilsanpaik Hospital, Goyang, South Korea, examined the differences in the serum BDNF levels in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cog...

-Stress, which can precipitate and exacerbate depression, causes atrophy and in severe cases death of hippocampal neurons. Atrophy of the hippocampus has also been observed in patients suffering from recurrent major depression. The present study examines the influence of electroconvulsive seizures, one of the most effective treatments for depression, on the morphology and survival of hippocampa...

Mitchell, Gordon S., Tracy L. Baker, Steven A. Nanda, David D. Fuller, Andrea G. Zabka, Brad A. Hodgeman, Ryan W. Bavis, Kenneth J. Mack, and E. B. Olson, Jr. Invited Review: Intermittent hypoxia and respiratory plasticity. J Appl Physiol 90: 2466–2475, 2001.— Intermittent hypoxia elicits long-term facilitation (LTF), a persistent augmentation (hours) of respiratory motor output. Considerable r...

The purpose of the present thesis was to propose a guideline to differentiate between an accidental or suicide manner of death when dealing with a drug/ethanol overdose in which all available medical and investigational evidence, including a psychological autopsy, is inconclusive, thereby resulting in an undetermined manner of death. An in-depth literature review was conducted in the field of n...

objective: to assess the effect of heparin binding neurotrophic factor (hbnf) on sciatic nerve regeneration in animal model of rat. methods: seventy-five male wistar rats were divided into five experimental groups randomly (each group containing 15 animals): sham operation group (sham), autograft group (auto), transected control (tc), chitosan conduit (chit) and heparin binding neurotrophic fac...

objective(s): occlusal trauma is one of the most common forms of oral biting dysfunction. long-term occlusal trauma could weaken the stomatognathic system; especially damage one’s masticatory muscle. through using the rat model, this study investigated the trophic effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (cntf) on injured masseter muscle. materials and methods: male wistar rats (n=36) were randoml...

background: the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) expression in the hippocampus has shown to play a role in the beneficial effects of resveratrol (rsv) on the learning and memory. the bdnf gene has a complicated structure with eight 5’ noncoding exons (i-ixa), each of which can splice to a common coding exon (ix) to form a functional transcript. estrogens increase levels of ...