In this paper, we document that realized variation measures constructed from high-frequency returns reveal a large degree of volatility risk in stock and index returns, where we characterize volatility risk by the extent to which forecasting errors in realized volatility are substantive. Even though returns standardized by ex post quadratic variation measures are nearly Gaussian, this unpredict...


 Geometry at the elementary school level brings various benefits to students. Firstly, it is a critical stage in development of spatial abilities. helps students understand world around them different ways. This study aims analyze difficulties solving geometry problems among The research design used quantitative with data collection techniques using tests and documentation. subjects are f...