Cederlund H. 2006. The microbiology of railway tracks – towards a rational use of herbicides on Swedish railways. Doctoral thesis. Swedish railways are regularly treated with herbicides in order to keep the track beds free from weeds. However, finding appropriate preparations and dosages that provide a good weed control but that are still environmentally acceptable, has proven to be difficult. ...

The soil moisture content can vary the behavior of biochemical activity and its incidence on herbicides. objective this manuscript was to assess, under controlled laboratory conditions, whether a prolonged 75-day drought affect 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) herbicide properties in three agricultural soils (Typic Xerofluvent, SA, Typic Haploxeralf, SB, Vertic Chromoxert, SC). During...

The pH of the spray liquid is one factors influencing efficacy herbicides. Adjusting appropriate parameters spraying may reduce consumption pesticides, which in line with currently introduced legal standards and society’s requirements. In greenhouse experiment, influence herbicides containing mesotrione, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, bromoxynil, a mixture mesotrione on oilseed rape control was inv...

A year after the introduction of the first commercial transgenic crop (Flavr SavrTM tomato with a longer shelf life) in 1994, transgenic, herbicide-resistant crops (HRCs) were introduced (Table 3.1) with the introduction of bromoxynil(3,5dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) resistant cotton and glufosinate[2-amino-4(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butanoic acid] resistant canola. Bromoxynil resistance had li...

Three laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the side-effects of four common herbicides used to control weeds associated with local crops on egg of the parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens. These herbicides are Glyphosate 48%SL, Bromoxynil 24%EC, Thiobencarb 50% and Clodinafop-propargyl 15%WP. The biological aspects such% parasitism, % adult emergence, sex ratio, developmental period a...

Phenoxyalkanoic compounds are used worldwide as herbicides. Cupriavidus necator JMP134(pJP4) catabolizes 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetate (MCPA), using tfd functions carried on plasmid pJP4. TfdA cleaves the ether bonds of these herbicides to produce 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenol (MCP), respectively. These intermediates can be deg...

The present work discusses the influence of additives, designated as co-adjuvants agents chemical activation, containing nitrogen on their structure, activated carbons (ACs) produced from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and cork by with KOH, at 973 K. used were urea, 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, (2-hydroxyethyl) urea polyethylenimine. ACs, PET, only KOH presented a porous volume ...