Studies in nonhuman primates indicate that one pathophysiologic consequence of ozone exposure is chronic bronchiolitis in terminal bronchioles. Modeling dosimetry suggests that a similar phenomenon is possible in humans. These findings may constitute an important analogy to the respiratory bronchiolitis that is associated with tobacco smoking in young adults. This analogy could form the basis f...

BACKGROUND The functional role of the human diffuse panbronchiolitis critical region 1 (DPCR1) gene, located in the major histocompatibility complex class I, has not been widely investigated. However, this gene is a well known genetic marker for diffuse panbronchiolitis, a disease affecting human respiratory bronchioles. In this study we explored the association between polymorphisms in DPCR1 ...

A 65-year-old man with cT1bN0M0 stage I middle thoracic esophageal cancer underwent subtotal esophagectomy and gastric tube reconstruction through the posterior mediastinal route after preoperative carbon-ion radiotherapy and chemotherapy in a clinical trial. Anastomotic leakage occurred, but it spontaneously improved. At six months after the operation, he was rehospitalized with a cough and dy...

Spasm of the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchiole, edema of the mucosa leading to mucous collection, and occlusion of aveoli probably cause most of the symptoms of asthma. This resultant bronchial inflammation and obstructive emphysema may be acute, recurrent, or chronic. The degree to which these changes interfere with the passage of respiratory gases determined the severity of the cond...

Emphysematous bullae of the lung may be single or multiple; they are usually of pathological interest rather than of clinical importance, except when they rupture into the pleura and cause a tension pneumothorax. They are an expression of underlying bronchial disease, either in the form of inflammation or scarring, whereby air passes during inspiration into the area of lung supplied by the bron...

STUDY OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the differences between ciliary beat frequencies of respiratory ciliated cells from peripheral bronchioles and from proximal bronchi in humans. DESIGN Measurements were made from resected lungs. Ciliated cells were harvested by brushing the mucosa of each site immediately after surgery. Brushings with a cytology brush were performed on normal area...

The impact of obesity on the inflammatory process has been described in asthma, however little is known about the influence of diet-induced obesity on lung remodeling. For this purpose, 56 recently weaned A/J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the C group, mice were fed a standard chow diet, while OB animals received isocaloric high-fat diet to reach 1.5 of the mean body weight of C. ...

SEVERE EMPHYSEMA IS A frequent coexistent condition in surgical patients. It is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), part of a heterogenous group of diseases that also includes chronic bronchitis and asthma; COPD is characterized by airflow obstruction and hyperinflation.1 Specifically, emphysema is anatomically defined by “abnormal, permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to the t...