This essay deals with the collective episodes of Christian martyrdom that took place in Japan Early Modern Time. On February 5, 1597 six Spanish Franciscans, seventeen Japanese catechists and three Jesuits, a priest two brothers were martyred by crucifixion on Nishizaka Hill, Nagasaki. episode Christians was first many such occurred to great extent during so-called Century or Namban Era (1549-1...

We give a new fpt algorithm testing isomorphism of n-vertex graphs of tree width k in time 2 polylog(k) poly(n), improving the fpt algorithm due to Lokshtanov, Pilipczuk, Pilipczuk, and Saurabh (FOCS 2014), which runs in time 2 5 log k) poly(n). Based on an improved version of the isomorphism-invariant graph decomposition technique introduced by Lokshtanov et al., we prove restrictions on the s...

Physicians play a very important role in the theological processes known as beatification canonization in the Catholic Church. In the first millennium of the Christian era, martyrs and other individuals who lived exemplary lives of Christian perfection in the opinion of the faithful in their locale were venerated as holy persons who had already obtained heaven upon their deaths. Thus, "saints" ...

We analyze how a simple splitting condition relating an ideal with a linear order allows the construction of certain embeddings of the rationals into the order. We extract as consequences proofs of some well known partition relations, including the Baumgartner-Hajnal theorem (φ → (ω)ω implies φ → (α)2 for all countable ordinals α) for uncountable orders φ not containing ω1, the result of Erdős-...

Quality is a complicated and multifarious topic in contemporary Linked Data research. The aspect of literal quality in particular has not yet been rigorously studied. Nevertheless, analyzing and improving the quality of literals is important since literals form a substantial (one in seven statements) and crucial part of the Semantic Web. Specifically, literals allow infinite value spaces to be ...

A way of introducing simple (finite) set designations and operations as first-class objects of an (unrestricted) logic programming language is discussed from both the declarative and the operational semantics viewpoint. First, special set terms are added to definite Horn clause logic and an extended Herbrand Universe based on an axiomatic characterization of the kind of sets we are dealing with...

In her article, "Is Comparative Literature Ready for the Twenty-First Century?" Eva Kushner observes that throughout its history, comparative literature has internalized as part of its own objectives and directives a major challenge: The need to renew its problematics and curriculums in response to the inherent diversity of literature within culture. She emphasizes that the vitality of the disc...

In this paper, we study the isomorphism testing problem of formulas in the Boolean and arithmetic settings. We show that isomorphism testing of Boolean formulas in which a variable is read at most once (known as read-once formulas) is complete for log-space. In contrast, we observe that the problem becomes polynomial time equivalent to the graph isomorphism problem, when the input formulas can ...