The U. S. Census Bureau’s Annual Capital Expenditures Survey (ACES) collects data about domestic capital expenditures in non-farm businesses operating within the United States. Analysts manually edit the ACES data using a specified set of editing rules. Although individual edits are straightforward, the hierarchical combination of edits are complicated with several nested levels of simultaneous...

OBJECTIVE The Australian Capital Territory 'It's Your Move!' (ACT-IYM) was a three-year (2012-2014) systems intervention to prevent obesity among adolescents. METHODS The ACT-IYM project involved three intervention schools and three comparison schools and targeted secondary students aged 12-16 years. The intervention consisted of multiple initiatives at individual, community, and school polic...

Abstract. We review the theory and evidence on venture capital (VC) and other private equity: why professional private equity exists, what private equity managers do with their portfolio companies, what returns they earn, who earns more and why, what determines the design of contracts signed between (i) private equity managers and their portfolio companies and (ii) private equity managers and t...

This paper investigates how patent applications and grants held by new ventures improve their ability to attract venture capital (VC) financing. We argue that investors are faced with considerable uncertainty and therefore rely on patents as signals when trying to assess the prospects of potential portfolio companies. For a sample of VC-seeking German and British biotechnology companies we have...

We have a limited understanding of why different venture capital (VC) funds follow substantially different portfolio strategies and how these choices affect VC performance. We investigate this question by combining and extending the real options and knowledge spillover views of strategic entrepreneurship. In this approach, specialization by a VC fund implies a call option with liquidation value...