The everted gut sac method was used to assess the role of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on the intestinal secretion of glibenclamide, a prototype of drug used to treat diabetic mellitus. The study included the evaluation of a P-gp modulator carbamazepine used at equimolar doses in the rat. Furthermore, the influence of carbamazepine on the disposition kinetics of glibenclamide in plasma was charact...

A solid phase extraction-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the rapid analysis of carbamazepine and its two metabolites, carbamazepine epoxide and carbamazepine trans-diol, in human plasma. The analysis was performed using a C18 Bakerbond-BDC analytical column (250 mm×4.6 mm i.d., particle size 5 μm). The optimal conditions for the separation were established with the mobile phase...

OBJECTIVES The reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 by single-dose nevirapine given at birth onset is achieved at the expense of de novo HIV-1 resistance mutations. In the VITA1 study, single-dose carbamazepine accelerated nevirapine elimination, but the accompanying trend towards fewer de novo HIV-1 mutations was statistically non-significant. METHODS We investigated if the eff...

35 epileptic patients, aged 10 to 58 years (mean 23), who were taking anticonvulsant drugs were studied. The patients exhibited a 34% reduction in serum calcium levels, a 41 % increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity and a slight but insignificant decrease in serum phosphate, compared to untreated controls. These changes appear to be related to the anticonvulsant drug taken, in the ...

Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic and mood-stabilizing drug which is used widely in Europe and North America. In the environment, it is found as a persistent and recalcitrant contaminant, being one of the most prominent hazardous pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluents of wastewater treatment plants. Phragmites australis is one of the species with both, the highest potential of de...

CONTEXT The Extracorporeal Treatments in Poisoning (EXTRIP) workgroup was created to provide evidence and consensus-based recommendations on the use of extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) in poisoning. OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review and provide clinical recommendations for ECTR in carbamazepine poisoning. METHODS After a systematic literature search, the subgroup extracted the data...

Aim: Little is known about the consumption of antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy in the Czech Republic, particularly for newer agents. In our previous paper, we discussed long-term trends in the utilization of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy in a group of 235 women between 1991–2006. Currently, we continue to investigate the long-term trends in antiepileptic drug use in pregnant women. Metho...

The adsorption of two pharmaceuticals, carbamazepine and paracetamol, onto the expandable clay mineral saponite has been studied through combination kinetic experiments, X-ray diffraction, theoretical modeling. Kinetic experiments indicate low for paracetamol on smectite clay. Accordingly, diffraction show that neither compound enters interlayer space. Molecular dynamics simulations were carrie...

IMPORTANCE The US Food and Drug Administration recommends screening for the HLA-B*1502 allele before initiation of carbamazepine therapy in patients of Asian ancestry, but there remains unclear evidence of a relationship between HLA-B*1502 and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) among carbamazepine users, especially in some racial/ethnic populations. OBJECTIVE ...