Carvedilol is an adrenoceptor antagonist which modulates the activity not only of beta 1 and beta 2 but also of alpha 1 adrenergic receptors present on the cell surface membrane of the human cardiac myocyte. In the heart, carvedilol has approximately 7 times higher potency for beta 1 and beta 2 adrenoceptors, but in the doses 50-100 mg . day-1 used in clinical practice, it is essentially non-se...

Diabetic nephropathy results in end-stage renal disease. On the other hand, carvedilol has been reported to have various pharmacological properties. The aim of this study therefore is to evaluate the possible protective effect of carvedilol on streptozotocin-induced early diabetic nephropathy and various mechanisms underlie this effect in rats. Single i.p. injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg)...

BACKGROUND The hypothesis that left ventricular hypertrophy regression in hypertension relates to blood pressure (BP) control and to non-antihypertensive activity of some drugs was tested by comparing the effects of telmisartan and carvedilol on 24-h mean ambulatory BP and left ventricular mass (LVM) regression, measured using three-dimensional echocardiography (3-DECHO) and magnetic resonance ...

BACKGROUND Treatment with carvedilol is an established primary therapy for patients with heart failure (HF). However, its most common adverse effects, dizziness and hypotension, often discourage continuation or dosage increase. The aim of this study was to examine whether switching to bisoprolol from carvedilol would help to avoid adverse symptoms and signs related to carvedilol administration....

OBJECTIVES Whether beta-blockers reduce atrial arrhythmias and, when added to an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, ventricular arrhythmia is unknown. BACKGROUND Ventricular and atrial arrhythmias are common after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and are associated with a poor prognosis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce the incidence of both types of arrhythmia. ...

BACKGROUND The CAPRICORN trial has shown that carvedilol improved outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction treated with ACE inhibitors. The aim of this substudy was to determine the effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling in this patient group. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients entering the CAPRICORN trial from 13 centers in New Zealand, ...

We performed a study in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) to determine whether carvedilol, a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, activates capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons (CSSNs), thereby promoting the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide with an important role in maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Carvedilol given intravenously at a dose of 0.3...

BACKGROUND β-Blockers exert a prognostic benefit in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Their pharmacological properties vary. The only substantial comparative trial to date-the Carvedilol or Metoprolol European Trial-has compared carvedilol with short-acting metoprolol tartrate at different dose equivalents. We therefore addressed the relative efficacy of equal doses of carvedilol and meto...

OBJECTIVE Patients with hypertensive left-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have lower coronary flow reserve (CFR). Whether carvedilol can improve CFR of patients with hypertensive LVH is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of carvedilol on CFR in patients with hypertensive LVH. METHODS Sixty-three patients were randomly divided into two groups for treatment with carvedilol or metoprolol...

OBJECTIVES The purposes of this study were to determine whether the serum of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) can induce apoptosis of endothelial cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the effect of the beta-blocker carvedilol was investigated. BACKGROUND Congestive heart failure is associated with impaired endothelial function in the peripheral systemic vascu...