We show that the homotopy category of simplicial diagrams I-SS indexed by a small category I is equivalent to a homotopy category of SS ↓ NI simplicial sets over the nerve NI. Then their equivalences, by means of the nerve functor N : Cat → SS from the category Cat of small categories, with respective homotopy categories associated to Cat are established. Consequently, an equivariant simplicial...

Regulatory sequences of a sea urchin cytoskeletal actin gene (CyIIIa) were ligated to the bacterial gene coding for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT; acetyl-CoA:chloramphenicol O3-acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.28) and the construct was injected into unfertilized sea urchin eggs. CAT activity is detected at the early blastula stage, when transcripts of the endogenous CyIIIa gene normally app...

We present measurements of the near-infrared Calcium II triplet (CaT, CaT), Paschen (PaT) and Magnesium (Mg I) indices for a well-studied sample of 19 bulges of early to intermediate spiral galaxies. We find that both the CaT and CaT indices decrease with central velocity dispersion σ with small scatter. This dependence is similar to that recently found by Cenarro (2002) for elliptical galaxies...

With over 65 million cats in the United States today (Pet Food Institute, Washington, D.C.), a large percentage of U.S. households have a cat and thus an abundance of cat hair. With the appropriate DNA tools, cat hairs could be used by a forensic laboratory to provide a link between the perpetrator of a crime and a crime scene. An assailant may unknowingly carry clinging cat hairs from a victim...

During angiogenesis, microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) secrete proteinases that permit penetration of the vascular basement membrane as well as the interstitial extracellular matrix. This study tested the hypothesis that cathepsin S (Cat S) contributes to angiogenesis. Treatment of cultured ECs with inflammatory cytokines or angiogenic factors stimulated the expression of Cat S, whereas inh...

Stabilization of multimeric enzymes is one of the major challenges in biocatalysis, because dissociation of subunits can inactivate the enzyme. Catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.16) is a homotetramer containing Fe-protoporphyrin IX in its active site. CAT breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. In this study, crosslinked enzyme aggregates of bovine liver CAT (CAT-CLEAs) were prepare...

In this study, internal categories in the category of cat-1 groups, 1-cat, are determined, and it is investigated whether there a natural equivalence between these within crossed modules XMod.

BACKGROUND Medical history taking as well as Chlamydia antibody titre (CAT) testing are currently used in the selection of patients for diagnostic laparoscopy with tubal patency testing. Most research has focused on the predictive value of CAT in isolation from medical history. We assessed therefore whether the combination of medical history and CAT improves the efficiency of selecting patients...

BACKGROUND Lung fibrosis is characterized by tissue remodeling resulting from an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of extracellular organic matrices. To examine whether cathepsin(s) (Cat) are important in the development of pulmonary fibrosis, we assessed the expression of four Cat known for their collagenolytic activity in a model of silica-induced lung fibrosis. METHODS Different ...

Catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) activity was measured in flesh tissue of six apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh. cvs. Braeburn, Gala, Jonagold, McIntosh, Red Delicious, and Spartan). Activity of CAT was determined for fresh and frozen tissue of the same fruit. Freezing resulted in reductions of 50 to 90% in CAT activity compared with the activity measured in crude extracts from fresh tissues. T...