To the Editor, A 78-year-old Caucasian female patient presented to our department with a cutaneous lesion on her right shoulder (Figure 1a). Laboratory data disclosed mild anemia (hemoglobin: 11.3 g/dL) thrombocytopenia (139x109/L) and 30% morphologically immature atypical cells in the peripheral blood. Bone marrow aspiration showed 5% infiltration of immature blast cells with the following imm...

Methods Plasma and Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were longitudinally collected in 41 PHI patients (infection <90 days), 24 remained untreated (ART-naive) and 17 were ART-treated one year later. In addition, samples from elite controllers (EC, n=12) and healthy subjects (HS, n=12) were also assessed. IDO enzymatic activity marker (Kyn/Trp ratio) was measured by isotope dilution tand...