Exit of cells from quiescence following mitogenic stimulation is highly asynchronous, and there a great deal heterogeneity in the response. Even single, clonal population, some re-enter cell cycle after sub-optimal signal while other, seemingly identical cells, do not, though they remain capable responding to higher level stimulus. This review will consider origins this variability heterogeneit...

Background: All To enhance the curative effect of radiotherapy, we established a radio-resistant cell line, CNE-2R from CNE-2, a radio-sensitive type of CNE, through repeated irradiation. The developed cell line provides a basis for further studies on the radio-resistance of CNE and the molecular mechanism of radiotherapy sensitization drugs. Materials and Methods: The CNE-2 cell line was selec...