ND10, otherwise known as nuclear dots (NDs), PML nuclear bodies or promyelocytic oncogenic domains (PODs) are punctate structures with a diameter of about 0.5 μm. There are usually between 5 and 20 ND10 per nucleus, each containing several proteins of which the most studied are PML and Sp100 (reviewed by Sternsdorf et al., 1997a). Interest in PML arose because most cases of promyelocytic leukae...

This review focuses on the cell cycle of hematopoietic stem cell and its regulatory mechanisms. Owing to recent advances in cell culture techniques and analyzing tools, hematopoietic stem cells can be purified from bone marrow, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood by using specific surface markers such as Sca-1 (murine) and CD34 (human). Stem cell compartment includes primitive stem cells...

Many genes are repressed during mitosis, and this is known to involve differential phosphorylation of specific factors required for transcription, 3'-end RNA processing and translation. A recent study suggests that splicing is also targeted for mitotic repression, in this case by dephosphorylation of the newly identified splicing factor SRp38.

The cell cycle and transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) are closely related. They utilize shared components. RNAP II transcriptional activity is modulated during the cell cycle. Cell cycle dependent changes in the phosphorylation status of the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNAP II (RNAP II-LS) alter transcription. Several CTD kinases are members of the cyclin-...

The cell division cycle is driven by a collection of enzymes that coordinate DNA duplication and separation, ensuring that genomic information is faithfully and perpetually maintained. The activity of the effector proteins that perform and coordinate these biological processes oscillates by regulated expression and/or posttranslational modifications. Ubiquitylation is a cardinal cellular modifi...

Major events of the cell cycle--DNA synthesis, mitosis and cell division-are regulated by a complex network of protein interactions that control the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases. The network can be modeled by a set of nonlinear differential equations and its behavior predicted by numerical simulation. Computer simulations are necessary for detailed quantitative comparisons between the...

Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been identified as the major etiological factor in cervical carcinogenesis. However, the time lag between HPV infection and the diagnosis of cancer indicates that multiple steps, as well as multiple factors, may be necessary for the development of cervical cancer. The ...

The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene product, menin, interacts with Jun D. The physiological role of menin in cell cycle control and the manner in which its inactivation contributes to tumorigenesis remain unknown. In the present study, the expression of menin was examined at various cell cycle stages in GH4C1 cells, a rat pituitary cell line. Cells synchronized at the G1-S-phase bounda...