the hereditary ataxias comprise a wide spectrum of heterogeneous disorders that share three features: ataxia, involvement of cerebellum or its connections, and heritability. in many hereditary ataxias, the underlying gene mutations have been identified. knowledge of the causative mutations allows a rational classification of hereditary ataxias as autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant or mater...

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The nervous systems of most vertebrates include both the cerebellum and structures that are architecturally similar to the cerebellum. The cerebellum-like structures are sensory structures that receive input from the periphery in their deep layers and parallel fiber input in their molecular layers. This review describes these cerebellum-like structures and compares them with the cerebellum itse...

Introduction: Regional hypermetabolism in Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially the cerebellum, has been consistently observed but often neglected as an artefact produced by commonly used pro...

The short and long term effects of chromium toxicity on brain catecholamines and acetylcholinesterase levels were investigated. Rats were injected daily with varying amounts of chromium. The short term (2 h) administration of chromium (8 mmol/kg) reduced catecholamines level of cerebellum, mid-brain and brain-cortex by 22.8, 19.4 and 21.2% respectively. Acetylcholinesterase activity was also re...

The vestibular nervous system senses linear and angular acceleration upon the head during postural change generates nerve activity changes. autonomic regulates involuntary physiologic processes throughout peripheral central systems. systems interplay several brain regions to maintain homeostasis changes, called vestibulo-autonomic reflex. In this review, we first contemplated anatomic propertie...

The aim of this study is to calculate the cerebellum volume in Akkaraman sheep and Hair goat using Cavalieri's principle. Cerebellum 12 healthy 1-2 year old male animals (6 6 goats) were used study. weight separated from rhombencephalon was calculated with a sensitive electronic balance, its Archimedes' In measurement be made principle, blocked 8% agar prevent tissue loss during slicing. staine...