Evolution of the mammalian brain encompassed a remarkable increase in size of the cerebral cortex, which includes tangential and radial expansion. However, the mechanisms underlying these key features are still largely unknown. Here, we identified the DNA-associated protein Trnp1 as a regulator of cerebral cortex expansion in both of these dimensions. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in t...

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insults result in neuronal cell death, brain tissue loss, and severe neurological deficits. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins that plays a central role in pre-mRNA processing. Recent studies have revealed that hnRNP A2/B1 may be inv...

Cerebral ischemia causes death of millions people all over the world, annually and also suffering more people from neurological deficits and neuromuscular disorders. In our country, 250 to 300 people experience mild to severe stroke, daily. In this study we reviewed 120 original paper selected from PubMED database. Our keywords were erythropoietin, anti-inflammatory, stroke, neuropathy and cere...

The molecular mechanisms generating the mania-like abnormal behaviors caused by diacylglycerol (DG) kinase (DGK) η deficiency remain unclear. Here, we found that DGKη knockout markedly increased dopamine (DA) levels in midbrain (DA-producing region, 2.8-fold) and cerebral cortex (DA projection 1.2-fold). Moreover, significantly augmented phosphorylated DA transporter (DAT) (1.4-fold increase), ...

OPEN ACCESS Figure 1 Frontal eye model in humans. A1 right hemifield of right visual field, A2 nasal retina of right eye, A3 visual cortex of left cerebral hemisphere, A4 motor cortex of left cerebral hemisphere, A5 right upper limb, B1 left hemifield of right visual field, B2 temporal retina of right eye, B3 visual cortex of right cerebral hemisphere, B4 motor cortex of right cerebral cortex, ...