in this study, synthesis of copper nanoparticles and effect of the reaction conditions on the particle size were investigated. the copper nanoparticles were synthesized and stabilized in a narrow temperature range in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone under nitrogen atmosphere. reaction temperature and concentration ratio of the reducing agent to the precursor (r/p) as two main conditions i...

nanoparticles of manganese-dioxide synthesized by mechano-chemical reaction were used foras(iii) and as(v) sorption from water environment. the influence of a milling time of manganese-dioxide on sorption was examined with batch procedure. sorption as a function of contact time was investigated. kinetic of sorption, for both as(iii) and as(v), was fast. the equilibrium condition for milled sorb...

Many biochemical and industrial applications involve complicated networks of simultaneously occurring chemical reactions. Under the assumption of mass action kinetics, the dynamics of these chemical reaction networks are governed by systems of polynomial ordinary differential equations. The steady states of these mass action systems have been analyzed via a variety of techniques, including stoi...

This section describes the research efforts and progress made for the implementation and performance of the quantum mechanical reactive scattering application (3D-REACT) across CASA heterogeneous computer environments with nodes that can reside at geographically different locations. This is a scientifically and technically important application. The formalism uses a symmetrized hyperspherical c...

We analyze certain chemical reaction networks and show that every solution converges to some steady state. The reaction kinetics are assumed to be monotone but otherwise arbitrary. When diffusion effects are taken into account, the conclusions remain unchanged. The main tools used in our analysis come from the theory of monotone dynamical systems. We review some of the features of this theory a...

Understanding the motions of the constituent atoms in reacting molecules lies at the heart of chemistry and is the central focus of chemical reaction dynamics. The most detailed questions one can ask are about the evolution of molecules prepared in a single quantum state to products in individual states, and both calculations and experiments are providing such detailed understanding of increasi...

We describe a large class of chemical reaction networks, those endowed with a subtle structural property called concordance. We show that the class of concordant networks coincides precisely with the class of networks which, when taken with any weakly monotonic kinetics, invariably give rise to kinetic systems that are injective - a quality that, among other things, precludes the possibility of...