The use of constructed wetland systems (CWS) is presented as an alternative for the treatment effluents since these have reduced implementation costs and relative ease operation. present research was undertaken to evaluate study hydrodynamic fitting first-order mathematical kinetic models removal pollutants in CWS. Three CWS were built, using expanded clay filter support: one cultivated with Po...

Bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium griseum) were tested for their ability to perceive subjective and illusionary contours as well as line length illusions. Individuals were first trained to differentiate between squares, triangles, and rhomboids in a series of two alternative forced-choice experiments. Transfer tests then elucidated whether Kanizsa squares and triangles, grating gaps and phase shifte...

Experiments compared intestinal HCO3- secretion in the intestine of marine teleost Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, to representatives of early chondrostean and chondrichthyan fishes, the Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii, and white-spotted bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium plagiosum, respectively. As seen in marine teleosts, luminal HCO3- concentrations were 10-fold plasma levels in all species when e...

These experiments are part of a series which the senior author has been making on the grafted vertebrate eye in fishes, amphibians, and mammals. In all of the vertebrates studied the eyes were completely excised and then eith-er reimplanted in the same orbit or transplanted to the denuded orbit of another host. In placing the graft, care was taken to re-establish the normal orientation. In the ...