objective(s): the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of chloride channel protein 2 (clc-2) in glutamate-induced apoptosis in the retinal ganglion cell line (rgc-5). materials and methods: rgc-5 cells were treated with 1 mm glutamate for 24 hr. the expression of clc-2, bax, and bcl-2 was detected by western blot analysis. cell survival and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethy...

results the hemostasis time for the ferric chloride concentration group was significantly less than for the control group (p < 0.001). materials and methods in this animal model study, 60 male wistar rats were used. an incision, 2 cm long and 0.5 cm deep was made on rat skin and the hemostasis time was recorded using ferric chloride at different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, and 50%) and t...

results in all the groups, complete hemostasis occurred. hemostasis times of different concentrations of zinc chloride were significantly less than that of the control group (p < 0.001). objectives this study aimed to compare haemostatic effect of zinc chloride and simple suturing to control external bleeding. materials and methods in this animal model study, 60 male wistar rats were used. an i...

the solvent free route for the synthesis of diaryl sulfoxides from arenes and thionyl chloride in the presence of lewis acids such as aluminum chloride and ferric chloride on silica gel are described.

abstract heavy metals are the important pollution which there is in the aquatic ecosystems. today, with advances in technology have increased the pollution therefore it is important to assessment the risks. the aim of this study was acute toxicity effects of mercury chloride, lead chloride and zinc chloride in silver carp fish. in this study there were 5 treatments for lead chloride and mercury...

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expansive soils are considered a worldwide problem as they cause extensive damage tocivil engineering structures. an important characteristic of expansive soils is theirsusceptibility to volume change due to the phenomenon of wetting and drying. this paperpresets the effect of pore water quality on the swelling and shrinkage behavior of anexpansive soil during wetting and drying cycles. thirty ...

In this study, we are interested in the eutectic processing of chloride compounds and decided to focus on ammonium based compounds that can provide sufficient insight in the fundamental chemistry. 10 types of ammonium based chloride compounds namely ammonium chloride, methanaminium chloride, dimethylammonium chloride, trimethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylamm...