Management of painful peripheral neuropathies remains challenging, since patients with chronic pain respond poorly to the available pharmacopeia. In recent years, the G-protein-coupled receptor neurotensin (NT) type 2 (NTS2) emerged as an attractive target for treating transitory pain states. To date, however, there is no evidence for its role in the regulation of chronic peripheral neuropathie...

Abstract Our previous research has shown that galanin plays an antinociceptive effect via binding to receptors (GalRs) in nucleus accumbens (NAc). This study focused on the involvement of GalR2 galanin-induced NAc neuropathic pain rats. The chronic constriction injury sciatic nerve (CCI) was used mimic model. hind paw withdrawal latency (HWL) thermal stimulation and threshold (HWT) mechanical w...

Pulmonary hypertension may occur in the fetus in the presence of constriction of the ductus arteriosus. The feasibility of detection and quantitation of fetal ductal constriction by Doppler echocardiography was assessed in an animal preparation in which ductal constriction was created in the fetal lamb with a variable ligature causing varying degrees of fetal pulmonary hypertension (fetal pulmo...

background management of urethral stricture has evolved over the years with better understanding of the pathology, advancement in imaging, and introduction of several techniques of urethral reconstruction. in sub-saharan africa, advancement in management of urethral stricture may not be comparable with what obtained in most developed nations because of problems like late presentation and persis...

Progressive cardiac remodeling is characterized by subsequent chamber hypertrophy, enlargement, and pump dysfunction. It is also associated with increased cardiac fibrosis and matrix turnover. Interestingly, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha activators reduce cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis. Little is known about the role of fenofibrates in mediating PPARal...

The double subarachnoid hemorrhage canine model was used to test the prophylactic value of immunosuppression in the prevention of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Dogs treated with cyclosporine A following the regimen prescribed for organ transplant procedures in patients showed a significant reduction in the severity of angiographic constriction of cerebral arteries. While bas...

CASE SUMMARY A 4-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was referred for investigation of jaundice. The cat had a recent history of a skin laceration repair following trauma. Sequential serum biochemistry demonstrated increasing plasma bilirubin concentrations; abdominal ultrasonography revealed ongoing pancreatitis and apparent extrahepatic obstruction of the common bile duct. Explorato...