Clinical presentations of dyspnea, pedal edema, enlarged liver, and jugular venous distention may require differentiating constrictive pericardial disease (CPD) from restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). Differentiation the pathophysiology is paramount importance to invasive cardiologist because they are often called sort out a confusing clinical picture. The surgical treatment constriction not onl...

Progressive cardiac remodeling is characterized by subsequent chamber hypertrophy, enlargement, and pump dysfunction. It is also associated with increased cardiac fibrosis and matrix turnover. Interestingly, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activators reduce cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis. Little is known about the role of fenofibrates in mediating PPAR -indepe...

Pericardial disorders occurring in connective tissue diseases are not uncommon and may present as acute or chronic pericarditis with or without an effusion. In many instances, a diagnosis of pericardial involvement is not found until autopsy. Echocardiography and other currently employed radiographic techniques have enhanced the ability to make a diagnosis. Approximate frequencies of common con...

introduction: glial activation and secretion of cytokines at the spinal level is known as part of chronic pain pathogenesis. although changes in tnfα at the supraspinal level are reported during chronic pain, its exact role and site of action remain to be elucidated. we investigated the effect of microinfusion of tnfα into the lc in a rat model of neuropathic pain. methods: male wistar rats wer...

Background Chronic orofacial pain conditions such as trigeminal neuropathic pain, reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the face, and temporomandibular pain disorders are debilitating pain conditions. They are known to respond poorly to treatment including opioids in human patients. There is a pressing need to better understand the mechanisms of these chronic orofacial pain conditions so that new and...

Vigabatrin use in some epilepsy patients has been associated with persistent visual field constriction and retinal dysfunction. The mechanism is unknown, but could be related to vigabatrin, chronic epilepsy, GABA toxicity, or the effect of a metabolite in combination with a predisposing genotype. The aim of this study was to investigate the latter two hypotheses. Levels of brain gamma-aminobuty...

C onstrictive pericarditis can be defined as a syndrome (or syndromes) resulting from compression of the heart caused by rigid, thickened, and frequently fused pericardial membranes. This syndrome was known about more than three centuries ago, but more recently its clinical spectrum has changed in two ways. Firstly, from the aetiologic point of view, there has been an increase in the number of ...