conclusions the apri had the highest sensitivity and specificity (64% and 71%, respectively) for prediction of the presence of liver disease. we suggest that apri may be applicable for the detection of a severe liver disease. objectives in this study, we evaluated and compared several available indices of the severity of liver diseases in patients with hepatitis. patients and methods exclusion ...

heart failure (hf) is one of the main causes of death and disability in the world. the prevalence of hf in developed countries is between 1% and 2% of the adult population and approximately between 6% and 10% in the elderly, giving rise to high costs of care and treatment. indeed, in the united states, the direct and indirect costs exceeded 23 billion dollars in 2002.  hf is typically character...

background and purpose: chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is an inherited disorder of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph) oxidase complex. this disorder results in recurrent life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections. aspergillus species are the most common fungal infections in these patients. case report: herein, we present a case of fungal infection in a girl with ...

background: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity are high in chronic renal failure (crf) patients. increased dispersion of qt intervals is known to predispose to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. this study was conducted to assess the effect of hemodialysis (hd) on corrected qt (qtc) intervals and their dispersions (qtd) in chronic hemodialyzed patients. methods: fifty-eight p...

prevalence of chronic disease could be adversely having an effect on the capability of the driver. in addition, it must increase probability of accidents. the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between chronic medical conditions and contribution in crashes among drivers. in this cross-sectional study, the populations were professional truck drivers. the numbers of 323 people were...

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is associated with a chronic inflammatory response in airways and lung parenchyma that results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. cigarette smoking considered as an important risk factor plays a role in pathogenesis of disease. pneumocystis jirovecii is an atypical opportunistic fungus that causes pneumonia in immunosuppressed host, al...

abstract background: chronic illnesses such as coronary heart disease are among the most prevalent and costly of all global health problems. coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, including iran. one aspect of living with chronic illness is self-management which can reduce the impact of illness on daily life and maintain the quality of life. a qualitative understanding of...

sarcopenia and physical inactivity synergistically progress in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd) and are strong predictors of mortality in this population. exercise training and essential amino acids and vitamin d supplements may contribute to improving sarcopenia and physical inactivity in ckd patients.

background: depression and smoking decrease health status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), but the combined effect of the two factors is unknown. this study aimed to assess the interactive effects of depression and smoking on the severity of patients with copd. methods: a prospective cohort study including 2,268 patients with copd was conducted in seven rural communities from ma...