The behavioral effects of psychomotor stimulants such as amphetamine (AMPH) arise from their ability to elicit increases in extracellular dopamine (DA). These AMPH-induced increases are achieved by DA transporter (DAT)-mediated transmitter efflux. Recently, we have shown that AMPH self-administration is reduced in rats that have been depleted of insulin with the diabetogenic agent streptozotoci...

Abuse of psychoactive substances can lead to drug addiction. In animals, addiction is best modeled by drug self-administration paradigms. It has been proposed that the crucial common denominator for the development of drug addiction is the ability of drugs of abuse to increase extracellular concentrations of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Studies using in vivo microdialysis and chron...

in this work, poly (o-anisidine) (poa) was prepared by consecutive potential cycling in an acidic monomer solution at the surface of carbon paste electrode (cpe). nickel ions were dispersed into the polymer by immersing the electrode in niso4 solution. the prepared ni/poa/cpe was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (afm) a...

In this work, bimetallic PdxCoy nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide catalysts were synthesized and tested for formic acid oxidation as potentially efficient durable electrocatalysts. Graphene was nitrogen doped through hydrothermal chemical reduction with urea a source. The deposited the support using impregnation-reduction method sodium borohydride reducing agent c...

Metallic copper nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode is fabricated by reduction of CuSO4 in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) through potentiostatic method. As-prepared nanoparticles are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods. Copper oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (nano-CuO/MGCE) is prepared using consecutive potential sca...

Monitoring in vitro the metabolic activity of microorganisms aids bioprocesses and enables better understanding of microbial metabolism. Redox mediators can be used for this purpose via different electrochemical techniques that are either complex or only provide non-continuous data. Hydrodynamic chronoamperometry using a rotating disc electrode (RDE) can alleviate these issues but was seldom us...