Can democratic participation reduce inequalities in citizenship produced by policing? We argue that citizen policing produces a paradox, which we call asymmetric citizenship. For some citizens, expanding expands enhancing state responsiveness to demands. Yet often demands repress marginalized groups, thereby contracting their rights. theorize formal spaces for produce through three mechanisms: ...

Active social citizenship: the case of disabled peoples' rights to personal assistance Karen Christensen a , Ingrid Guldvik b & Monica Larsson c a Department of Sociology , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway b Department of Pedagogy and Social Studies , Lillehammer University College , Lillehammer , Norway c Department of Social Work , Malmø University , Malmø , Sweden Published online: 22 ...