Isolated Escherichia coli K-12 cell envelopes or Bacillus subtilis 168 cell walls were reacted with smectite or kaolinite clay in distilled deionized water (pH 6.0); unbound envelopes or walls were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and the extent of adsorption was calculated. At saturation, both clays adsorbed approximately 1.0 mg (dry weight) of envelopes or walls per mg (d...

A bench work study was carried out to investigate the use of kaolinitic clay containing 29.4% Al2O3 extremely abundant in Saudi Arabia for the production of pure alumina by calcination at 700 o C for 1h (recommended by previous investigators) then leached by hydrochloric acid. The effects of leaching temperature (25 o C to boiling temperature), period of activation (10-150 minutes), acid concen...

This study investigated the effects of layered clay on the thermal curing behavior and tensile properties of resole phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin/clay/cellulose nanocomposites. The thermal curing behavior of the nanocomposite was characterized using conventional differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature modulated (TMDSC). The addition of clay was found to accelerate resin curing,...

The use of clay materials for the production of emulsion paints was investigated. Two types of clay: White tinged with Purple and Smooth clay (WSP) and Grey Brown and Coarse clay (GBC), were used for the production of Emulsion Clay Paints (ECP). Conventional Chemical pigmented Paint (CP) was also produced as a control. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, (AAS) was used to determine the chemical com...

The aim of this study was to search vegetable oil bleaching abilities 30 different adsorbent materials placed into four groups (natural clay, acid-activated natural synthetic adsorbent, metal-organic frames). After treatment against control sample, color (L, a*, b* values), weight loss (%), free fatty acidity (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and the specific extinctions K232 K270 were measured. Base...

The wide spread of phenols and their toxicity in the environment pose a severe threat to existence sustainability living organisms. Rapid detection these pollutants wastewaters has attracted attention researchers from various fields environmental science engineering. Discoveries regarding materials method developments are deemed necessary for effective remediation wastewater. Although advanced ...

Many termite species use clay to build foraging galleries and mound-nests. In some cases clay is placed within excavations of their wooden food, such as living trees or timber in buildings; however the purpose for this clay is unclear. We tested the hypotheses that termites can identify load bearing wood, and that they use clay to provide mechanical support of the load and thus allow them to ea...

Clay mineral-containing nanocomposite hydrogels have been proven to have exceptional composition, properties, and applications, and consequently have attracted a significant amount of research effort over the past few years. The objective of this paper is to summarize and evaluate scientific advances in clay mineral-containing nanocomposite hydrogels in terms of their specific preparation, form...

The aim of this study was the preparation of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/clay nanocomposites using organoclay produced via micellar adsorption of cethyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and their characterisation by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, and the investigation of certain mechanical properties of the composites. The results show that the basal dista...

A method of clay mineral sample preparation for electron microprobe analysis has been developed in which a film of clay plus 10-12 wt. % colloidal graphite is deposited on a porous ceramic disc using a specially designed suction device. Correction procedures are used to obtain quantitative elemental analyses representing the average chemical composition of the prepared sample. A statistical tec...