Sensor nodes of Wireless Sensor Networks have limited battery power, so energy efficiency is mainly considered in the design. A novel mechanism of intra-cluster data gathering is designed for reducing the energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime. Firstly, each cluster head acts continuously as local control center and will not be replaced by the candidate cluster head until its op...

This paper considers the problem of finding high and low frequency node disjoint and multi constrained QoS using different paths from source to destination with the help of agent based fuzzy inference system. CGSR protocol divide the network into several small areas called clusters and the members of each cluster entrusted to a special node called cluster-head. A fuzzy logic system was proposed...

Because cluster-head nodes in wireless sensor networks may be far away from the base station, or there exists many obstacles in deployment environments of wireless sensor networks to affect the data transmission performance, they would consume excessive energy in the process of the massive data transmission, which may lead to their earlier death. To solve this problem, a LEACH-A* algorithm is p...

In wireless sensor networks, system architectures and applications are designed to consider both resource constraints and scalability, because such networks are composed of numerous sensor nodes with various sensors and actuators, small memories, low-power microprocessors, radio modules, and batteries. Clustering routing protocols based on data aggregation schemes aimed at minimizing packet num...

Cluster head election is a key technique used to reduce energy consumption and enhancing the throughput of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, a new energy efficient clustering (E2C) protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks is proposed. Cluster head is elected based on the predicted residual energy of sensors, optimal probability of a sensor to become a cluster head, and its deg...

Hierarchical Clustering is a procedure of cluster analysis which aims to construct a hierarchy of clusters. There are two kinds of hierarchical clustering i.e. Agglomerative, which is a bottom – up approach, where all the observations start in its own cluster, and pairs of clusters are merged moving up the hierarchy, and the other one is divisive, which is a top down approach, where each observ...

Technological developments on wireless communication systems and sensors productivity-enhancing wireless sensor networks have led the development of new algorithms. Wireless sensor devices (nodes) were developed along with the use of these two cases, and data collected has been achieved forwarded to a central location. Studies in the literature were shown that, WSN (wireless sensor networks) sy...

Extending the lifetime of a wireless sensor networks remains one of the prominent research topics in recent years. Clustering has been proven to be energy-efficient in sensor networks since data routing and relaying are only operated by cluster heads. The present paper focuses on proposing two algorithms. In the former nodes organize themselves into clusters using fuzzy c-means (FCM) mechanism ...