Clustering is a very popular network structuring technique which mainly addresses the issue of scalability in large scale Wireless Sensor Networks. Additionally, it has been shown to improve the energy efficiency and prolong the life of the network. The suggested protocols mostly base their clustering criteria on some grouping attribute(s) of the nodes. One important attribute that is largely i...

In wireless sensor network (WSN), sensor nodes are partitioned into clusters in order to gather information more efficiently in terms of energy consumption. In clustered networks, each node transmits acquired data to a cluster-head which the nodes belong to. After a cluster-head collects all the data from member nodes, it transmits the data to the base station (sink) in aggregated manner. This ...

Wireless personal area network (WPAN) is a standard for wireless communication with short range such as a space around a person. Because of the demand for low power, low cost wireless communication, a low-rate WPAN (LR-WPAN) comes out. Wireless sensor network (WSN) recognizes a wireless technology to support the LR-WPAN services. The WSN consists of a large number of tiny sensor nodes. It const...

Clustering sensor nodes is an effective topology control method to reduce energy consumption of the sensor nodes for maximizing lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, in a cluster based WSN, the leaders (cluster heads) bear some extra load for various activities such as data collection, data aggregation and communication of the aggregated data to the base station. Therefore, bala...

A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), a set of wirelessly connected sensor nodes, is a dynamic system that executes hop-by-hop routing independently with no external help of any infrastructure. Proper selection of cluster heads can increase the life time of the Ad-hoc network by decreasing the energy consumption. Although different methods have been successfully proposed by researchers to tackle...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of sensor nodes with limited processing capability and limited nonrechargeable battery power. Energy consumption in WSN is a significant issue in networks for improving network lifetime. It is essential to develop an energy aware clustering protocol in WSN to reduce energy consumption for increasing network lifetime. In this paper, a neuro-fuzzy energy aw...

Scalability in ad hoc networks is a problematic issue, most works presents experimental results for limited number of nodes (100-200) nodes in a field. Various "explicit" clustering techniques have been proposed to improve scalability obtaining successful sessions in fields of 400-800 nodes. However explicit clustering may damage the performances, e.g., sessions breaks due to fast movements of ...

WSN has the potentiality to join the physical world with the virtual world by creating a network of sensor nodes. Here, sensor nodes are usually battery-operated devices, and hence energy reduction of sensor nodes is a major design issue. To extend the network‘s lifetime, minimization of energy consumption should be used. In cluster-based routing, cluster heads shape a wireless stamina to the s...

Network lifetime is one of the important metrics that indicate the performance of a sensor network. Different techniques are used to elongate network lifetime. Among them, clustering is one of the popular techniques. LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is one of the most widely cited clustering solutions due to its simplicity and effectiveness. LEACH has several parameters that can...

A (wireless) sensor network can be initialized with one big cluster. This cluster contains all nodes. In addition, it has a head node. The head is nearest to the nearest point of all cluster members. Members communicate with their head using respective local path. Local paths can be multi-hop. A head caches all data from its members. The cache life is adjusted based on how accurate it was previ...