The central nervous system (CNS) is the major area that is affected by aging. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), brain cancer, and stroke are the CNS diseases that will cost trillions of dollars for their treatment. Achievement of appropriate blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration is often considered a significant hurdle in the CNS drug discovery process. On the other hand, BBB ...

The establishment of anatomically stereotyped axonal projections is fundamental to neuronal function. While most neurons project their axons within the central nervous system (CNS), only axons of centrally born motoneurons and peripherally born sensory neurons link the CNS and peripheral nervous system (PNS) together by navigating through specialized CNS/PNS transition zones. Such selective res...

We reported two cases of the central nervous system (CNS) multiple myeloma (MM) with unusual presentation sixth nerve palsy. The first patient developed in setting newly diagnosed MM and second relapsed refractory setting. One underwent surgery, other received radiation. Both patients systemic chemotherapy noted improvement. also performed a comprehensive literature review previously published ...

CNS relapse is reported in 2-5% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, dramatically decreasing overall survival (OS). Very few studies address incidence and risk factors of CNS relapse in very elderly patients, a challenging population to treat given their commonly associated comorbidities. A retrospective analysis was performed of 270 DLBCL patients >80 years treated between 2004 a...

PURPOSE S100B protein is widely used as a measure of glial activity or damage in several brain conditions. Central nervous system (CNS) infections can cause neurological sequelae because of parenchyma invasion. It is difficult to predict further neuronal damage in the CNS infection. The present study is aimed to evaluate the role of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) S100B protein as an indicator of...

Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) is the most frequent cause of nosocomial bacteremia and prosthetic valve endocarditis. CNS bacteremia can be polyclonal. No data exist on the clonality of CNS causing endocarditis. We present a case of CNS aortic homograft endocarditis in which at least five different genotypes of CNS were identified in initial blood-culture isolates by genomic macrorestr...

CNS lymphoma consists of 2 major subtypes: secondary CNS involvement by systemic lymphoma and PCNSL. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging is the method of choice for detecting CNS lymphoma. In leptomeningeal CNS lymphoma, representing two-thirds of secondary CNS lymphomas, imaging typically shows leptomeningeal, subependymal, dural, or cranial nerve enhancement. Single or multiple periventricular and/o...

Obesity is now recognized as a global health problem and has reached epidemic proportions, affecting both developed developing countries. This condition associated with an increased incidence in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The intake of foods or supplements anti-inflammatory activity could potentially lead to lower impact obesity on the functionality CNS. Therefore, this work we tes...

Cetacean neurobrucellosis is a common cause of strandings in Costa Rica diagnosed by serology, bacteriology, and histopathology. Pathological studies were performed on 18 dolphins. Twelve scanned postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) as complementary tool for describing osteoarticular alterations associated with Brucella ceti infections. The central nervous system (CNS) the skeleton five dolphi...

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a prevalent parasitic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by Taenia solium larvae. It commonly found in developing countries with high incidence both NCC and CNS tuberculosis. In cases where patients have history pulmonary tuberculosis, lesions arising from can be misdiagnosed as tuberculomas. Furthermore, when papilledema (a sign raised intracranial...