introduction the alborz structural zone in northern iran is the host of a number of important coal deposits. the gheshlagh coal mine is one of them, which is located 35 km southeast of azadshahr. coal bearing strata in the gheshlagh mining district occur in the middle part of the lower jurassic shemshak formation which consists mainly of shales, siltstones and sandstones. the geshlagh coals hav...

The coal permeability is an important parameter in mine methane control and coal bed methane (CBM) exploitation, which determines the practicability of methane extraction. Permeability prediction in deep coal seam plays a significant role in evaluating the practicability of CBM exploitation. The coal permeability depends on the coal fractures controlled by strata stress, gas pressure, and strat...

Blending of imported and domestic coal is becoming of increasing importance. Until recently, coal blending in power stations was mainly adopted to reduce the cost of generation and increase the use of indigenous or more readily available coal. Low-grade (high ash) coal can be mixed with higher grade (imported) coal without deterioration in thermal performance of the boiler, thus reducing the co...

Appalachia has higher morbidity and mortality compared to the nation, and suffers greater socioeconomic disadvantages. This article investigates the relationship of coal mining to elevated mortality rates in Appalachia. Total mortality rates for the years 1999–2004 were investigated in a national county-level analysis that included coal mining as the primary independent variable. Counties in Ap...

The presence of methane in coal mines is one of the major problems in underground coal mines. Every year, in underground coal mines, a lot of casualties due to outbursts and explosions of methane gas is occurring. Existence of this gas in the mines not only creates a difficult and dangerous situation for work but also makes it more expensive. The release of this gas to the air causes a further ...

Section III of the text discusses the method we use to calculate a coal price index. Here we report the regression results for each region (see Table A.1). We also show the national average for comparison. While the type of coal a power plant purchases may change in response to natural gas prices, we are concerned that the heterogeneity in coal transactions within a plant may also reflect noise...

Environmental concerns over increased coal consumption are fully justified by the past history of coal use. Although improved technology has provided some safeguards, increased utilization will require mining practices, emission control technologies, and waste disposal procedures that are not yet fully integrated into the routine use of the coal energy system. The Committee on Health and Evniro...

It is very important to detect a collapse hole for coal mine workers. The possibility of detecting the collapse hole using WSN is presented, because the tunnel in coal mine is narrow and the poor working condition. Comparing three types of the hole detection methods, it is seen that the connectivity based methods are used to detect coal mine collapse better than other methods. By establishing a...

Objective: Exposure to coal dust can cause interstitial lung disease (ILD), but whether this is due to pure coal or to the contents of quartz in coal is less clear. Here, we systematically reviewed the relation between 'pure coal' and ILD. Methods: In a systematic review based on PRISMA criteria 2945 articles were identified. Strict eligibility criteria, which evaluated the 'pure coal effect', ...

Biological processes based on oxidation of sulfur compounds by chemolithotrophic microorganisms are emerging as an efficient and eco-friendly technique for removal of sulfur from the coal. In the present article, study was carried out to investigate the potential of biodesulfurization process in removing the sulfur from lignite coal sample collected from a Mongolian coal mine. The batch biodesu...