Miners face a variety of respiratory hazards while on the job, including exposure to silica dust which can lead to silicosis, a potentially fatal lung disease. Currently, field-collected filter samples of silica are sent for laboratory analysis and the results take weeks to be reported. Since the mining workplace is constantly moving into new and often different geological strata with changing ...

To investigate the difference of surface oxygen element and oxygen-containing functional groups among coal dusts with different metamorphic degrees and their influence on surface wettability, a series of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments on 6 coal samples are carried out. The result demonstrates that the O/C ratio of coal surface shows an overall increasing trend compared with the re...

In order to test the silica theory of the origin of progressive massive fibrosis (P.M.F.) in coalminers' pneumoconiosis, separate dust analyses have been made of the massive lesions and of the rest of the lung from 18 coal-workers with P.M.F. who had been employed in several coalfields. The dry weight of the massive lesions ranged from 5 to over 100 g. and the dust concentration in the P.M.F. l...

Case 203.-Born in 1911. Started work as a carrier in 1924 for a firm loading lime, cement, tea, and sugar. In 1926 moved to work as storeman to a builder's merchant. Again exposed to lime and cement dust. From 1936 to 1964 worked principally as a plasterer. The histology of this tumour is not known. He never took snuff. Case 204.-Born in 1898. After working as a packman's boy (1910-12) and an a...

Measurements of dust concentrations for the estimation of the danger of pneumoconiosis have been carried out in various industries for many years. In some, such as the South African gold fields, they have been made regularly for nearly 40 years, while in others, such as the British coal-mines, regular dust sampling on a national scale has only been carried on for about five years. In other indu...

BACKGROUND U.S. military perception of nuclear warfare led to countless unethical nuclear experiments performed on unsuspecting individuals without their informed consent. As evidenced here, subsequent perception of weather warfare has led to exposing millions of unsuspecting individuals to toxic coal fly ash with no public disclosure, no informed consent, and no health warnings. METHODS Thre...

Lassar Dunner (1945a) recorded the clinical and radiological findings in five men who had been exposed to " pure graphite " dust. They had been exposed for 17, 18, 20, 20, and 34 years respectively, and no other dusts were known to have been implicated. Three of the men had cough, sputum, and dyspnoea; the other two had no complaints. Radiographs showed reticulation with nodulation, and the que...

The widespread, intentional and increasingly frequent chemical emplacement in the troposphere has gone unidentified and unremarked in the scientific literature for years. The author presents evidence that toxic coal combustion fly ash is the most likely aerosolized particulate sprayed by tanker-jets for geoengineering, weather-modification and climate-modification purposes and describes some of...

Coal is most important fossil fuel in world. Energy requirement of world is increasing in many fields day by day. The crude oil and coal are the main backbone of energy. Since the reserves of crude oil are decreasing day by day as a result the coal becomes the main sources of fossil fuel. Ash content of Indian coal is very high ranging from 15% to 55% [1]. Ash is an inorganic compound present i...