Treatment of the 2,5-bis(2'-pyridyl)pyrrolato (PDP-) anion with {Ru(COD)Cl2}n in THF readily yielded [Ru(PDP)(COD)Cl] (1) in almost quantitative yield. Anion metathesis of 1 in organic solvent by NO3- and OTf- (OTf- = triflato) gave [Ru(PDP)(COD)(NO3)] (2) and [Ru(PDP)(COD)(OTf)] (3), and in aqueous solution by BF4- and PF6- afforded aqueous complexes [Ru(PDP)(COD)(H2O)](BF4) (4+·BF4-) and [Ru(...

Anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactors (AFMBRs) have been mainly developed as a post-treatment process to produce high quality effluent with very low energy consumption. The performance of an AFMBR was examined using the effluent from a microbial fuel cell (MFC) treating domestic wastewater, as a function of AFMBR hydraulic retention times (HRTs) and organic matter loading rates. The MFC-AFMB...

The treatment of the yeast industry wastewater was investigated by nanofiltration (NF) membrane process on a pilot scale. Two wastewaters were used as feed: (i) dilute wastewater with COD 2000 mg/L and (ii) concentrate wastewater with COD 8000 mg/L. The permeate flux, COD retention, color and electrical conductivity (EC) removal were evaluated in relation to trans-membrane pressure and long-ter...

The discrete coefficient of determination (CoD) measures the nonlinear interaction between discrete predictor and target variables and has had far-reaching applications in Genomic Signal Processing. Previous work has addressed the inference of the discrete CoD using classical parametric and nonparametric approaches. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian framework for the inference of the discr...

A significant increase in the infection level of Baltic cod Gadus morhua with the anisakid nematode larvae Contracaecum osculatum and Pseudoterranova decipiens has been recorded during recent years due to the expanding local population of grey seals Halichoerus grypus, which act as final hosts for these parasites. Here, we report from an investigation of 368 cod (total length [TL] 6-49 cm; caug...

The direct discharge of palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater causes serious environmental pollution due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Traditional ways for POME treatment have both economical and environmental disadvantages. In this study, a membrane anaerobic system (MAS) was used as an alternative, cost effective method for treating POME. Six...

This paper evaluates the relationship between the cloud modification factor (CMF) in the ultraviolet erythemal range and the cloud optical depth (COD) retrieved from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) “cloud mode” algorithm under overcast cloudy conditions (confirmed with sky images) at Granada, Spain, mainly for non-precipitating, overcast and relatively homogenous water clouds. Empirical C...

Treatment of H2OsBr6 with excess 1,5-cyclooctadiene (cod) in boiling tert-butyl alcohol affords the polymer [OsBr2(cod)]x (1), which reacts with acetonitrile to form the mononuclear adduct OsBr2(cod)(CH3CN)2 (2). Polymer 1 reacts with potassium trispyrazolylborate (KTp) in ethanol to afford the hydride TpOs(cod)H (3) and the bromide complex TpOs(cod)Br (4). Bromide complex 4 reacts with sodium ...

Fish populations are increasingly affected by multiple human and natural impacts including exploitation, eutrophication, habitat alteration and climate change. As a result many collapsed populations may have to recover in ecosystems whose structure and functioning differ from those in which they were formerly productive and supported sustainable fisheries. Here we investigate how a cod (Gadus m...

This paper evaluates the relationship between the cloud modification factor (CMF) in the ultraviolet erythemal range and the cloud optical depth (COD) retrieved from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) “cloud mode” algorithm under overcast cloudy conditions (confirmed with sky images) at Granada, Spain, mainly for non-precipitating, overcast and relatively homogenous water clouds. Empirical C...