This study aimed to explore the code-switching in online English Language Learning (ELL) Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges. The researchers formulated two main questions this study: (1) What types of are used by students Online (ELL)? (2) effects on language learning an ELL setting? To answer research questions, utilized a qualitative design. observed and recorded Zoom classes five sections Ba...

This paper presents our latest investigations of the jointly trained maximum entropy and recurrent neural network language models for Code-Switching speech. First, we explore extensively the integration of part-of-speech tags and language identifier information in recurrent neural network language models for CodeSwitching. Second, the importance of the maximum entropy model is demonstrated alon...

Emotions in code-switching text can be expressed in either monolingual or bilingual forms. However, relatively little research has placed emphasis on code-switching text. The challenges of this task include the exploration both monolingual and bilingual information of each post and capturing the informative words from the code-switching context. To address these challenges, we propose a Bilingu...

The ban on code-switching between a (subject) pronoun and a verb, but not between a lexical DP and a verb, is an enduring puzzle in research on bilingual code-switching. In this paper, we propose an account of these code-switching facts by positing that pronouns and lexical DPs take advantage of different checking strategies: While lexical DPs check features in [Spec, TP], pronouns undergo D-to...

In this article, the author addresses the question of how the mind represents two languages in simultaneous bilingualism. Some linguistic theories of intrasentential code switching are reviewed, with a focus on the Minimalist approach of MacSwan (1999b); the author concludes that evidence from code switching suggests that bilinguals have discrete and separate Lexicons for the languages they spe...

This study sought to investigate the probable effects of code-switching (CS) on Iranian bilingual English learners' reading comprehension. In this study, two intact classes of freshmen, taking the four-credit Reading and Comprehension Course 1, comprising a total of 70 participants, with 35 in each class, were randomly assigned as the experimental and the control groups after their initial homo...