results results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of depression and temping beliefs (p < 0.0001). in other words, the results showed that cognitive-behavior therapy reduces depression and improves craving beliefs of abusers under methadone maintenance treatment. objectives this study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of co...

aim and background: insomnia, one of the prevalent disorders, in many cases is considered as a sign associated with physical and mental disorders. the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on these symptoms among male prisoners. methods and materials: subjects of this experimental study were 28 male prisoners in central prison of shiraz who w...

the fear of driving can be severe enough to be considered a phobia. it is often great enough that people will avoid driving at all costs and instead find someone to drive them or use public transportation, regardless of how inconvenient or expensive. this fear will cause many to avoid driving, create excuses to not drive, or even refuse to get a driver&apos;s license for years. the aim of this ...

results there was no statistically significant difference between the mmse scores of the two groups before surgery (p = 0.6), but the mmse test conducted at the pacu revealed significantly better cognitive outcomes in the d group than in the r group in patients younger and older than 65 years (p = 0.03 and p = 0.0001, respectively). conclusions this study revealed that dexmedetomidine may be a ...

introduction zinc is a vital micronutrient in humans and its deficiency in children can thwart their growth and development, compromise their immunity and cognitive function. however, there is a paucity of studies about the effect of zinc supplementation on cognitive functions. this study is an attempt to quantify the impact of zinc supplementation on cognitive performance of schoolchildren. ma...

background: to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on controlled treatment trials of meta-cognitive therapy for anxiety disorders. materials and methods: studies were included if they employed controlled methodology and treated people above 18 years with anxiety disorders. case studies (with less than 4 cases) and single case designed studies were excluded. a comprehensive literature ...

background: considering the assumptions of cognitive load theory and using its reduction and optimization strategies in the design and development of instructional content is one of the main requirements for achieving effective learning. this study examined the effectiveness of instructional multimedia based on reducing the extraneous cognitive load in english language learning among nursing st...

studies in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance of metaphors for language teaching. metaphoric competence, as an important aspect of intelligence, can contribute to the learning of languages. most textbooks in esl/efl avoid the issue of figurative language and concentrate only on the denotative aspects of language. this article reports a study conducted at the islamic azad univ...

We describe a general methodology, socio-cognitive engineering, for the design of human-centred technology. It integrates software, task, knowledge and organizational engineering and has been refined and tested through a series of projects to develop computer systems to support training and professional work. In this paper we describe the methodology and illustrate its use through a project to ...

background: because of well-established role of obesity in brain lesions, progressing cognitive deficits in obese patients has been recently suggested. in current study and for the first time, we aimed to assess cognition status in iranian obese people and to compare it with non-obese individuals. methods: one hundred and eighteen consecutive patients with the different cardiovascular and metab...