cognitive appraisals of the trauma play a key role in children’s adjustment following a traumatic event, but how these appraisals develop is not well understood. cognitive models of posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) suggest that social support is a key influence on the development of appraisals, and we aimed to explore this relationship further. as predicted by cognitive models of ptsd, we h...

Background The question of how one should choose among competing explanations of data is at the heart of the scientific enterprise. Computational models of cognition are increasingly being advanced as descriptions and explanations of behavior in the cognitive sciences. The success of this line inquiry depends on the availability of robust quantitative methods to guide the evaluation and selecti...

This study proposes explanatory cognitive diagnostic model (CDM) jointly incorporating responses and response times (RTs) with the inclusion of item covariates related to both RTs. The joint modeling RTs intends provide more information for diagnosis while can be used predict parameters when calibration is not feasible in assessments or parameter estimation errors could too large due small samp...

The attribute hierarchy method (AHM) (Leighton, Gierl, & Hunka, 2004), which is based on the assumption that test items can be described by a set of hierarchically ordered attributes, is designed to estimate examinees’ level of competency as well as their profiles for mastering a set of attributes. The AHM, by incorporating the assumption of attribute dependency, brings an important cognitive p...

BACKGROUND Despite the wealth of research devoted to the performance of individual cognitive tests for diagnosing cognitive impairment (including mild cognitive impairment and dementia), it can be difficult for general practitioners to choose the most appropriate test for a patient with cognitive complaints in daily practice. In this paper we present a diagnostic algorithm for the evaluation of...

The intrusive speech quality model standardized by the ITU–T shows some limits in its quality predictions, especially in a wideband transmission context. They are mainly caused by strong differences in perceived quality when speech is transmitted over different telephone networks. Instrumental methods should provide reliable estimations of the integral speech quality over the entire perceptual ...

Early and accurate diagnosis of dementia is key to appropriate treatment and management. Clinical assessment, including the use of cognitive screening instruments, remains integral to the diagnostic process. Many cognitive screening instruments have been described, varying in length and hence administration time, but it is not known whether longer tests offer greater diagnostic accuracy than sh...

background: functional dyspepsia and digestive disorders are common, debilitating and costly. little information about the role of stress management in terms of cognitive-behavioral treatment of dyspepsia is available. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management on functional dyspepsia symptoms and quality of life in patients who refer...

Adding student collaboration to an intelligent tutoring system could leverage the benefits of both approaches. We have incorporated a mutual peer tutoring script, where students of similar abilities take turns tutoring each other, into the Cognitive Tutor Algebra. In this paper, we identify three design principles for peer tutoring, and discuss how they were realized in our peer tutoring script...