Medical error poses an important healthcare burden and a challenge for physicians and policy makers worldwide. Diagnostic error accounts for a substantial fraction of all medical mistakes. Most diagnostic errors have been associated with flaws in clinical reasoning. Empirical evidence on the cognitive mechanisms underlying such flaws and effectiveness of strategies to counteract them is scarce....

This paper describes KADD ET, a cognitive diagnostic environment created to assess the conceptual and procedural learning activities of students. It is composed of a diagnostic engine, DETECTive, and a knowledge acquisition tool developed to fulfil its knowledge representation needs, KADI. Both of them share a Model of Learning Tasks (MLT) as a diagnostic basis. One of the main goals of this en...

background: despite the fact that new criteria of antisocial personality disorder (aspd) in diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-fi fth edition (dsm-5) were resulted from fi ve-factor model (ffm), there is a small amount of studies that investigate the relations between proposed personality traits and ffm. also, cross-cultural study in this field continuously would be needed.th...

Question In adults with cognitive impairment or memory problems how effective is the MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) compared to the MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) in memory management / managing cognitive impairment? Evidence from six diagnostic test accuracy studies indicated that the MoCA is likely to perform as well as or better than the MMSE for the diagnosis of cognitive impair...

Models of physical systems range from those of initial individual cognition to mathematical representations on a computer which are accepted as the developed final models. It is conjectured that a formalization of the qualitative cognitive models will help us to understand how they are formed and will eventually help us to produce better computer models. The structure of these models would prov...

Research in computational cognitive modeling investigates the nature of cognition through developing process-based understanding by specifying computational models of mechanisms (including representations) and processes. In this enterprise, a cognitive architecture is a domaingeneric computational cognitive model that may be used for a broad, multiple-level, multipledomain analysis of behavior....

The contribution of cognitive bias toward diagnostic error has been well documented.1–7 Previous research exploring the effects of these cognitive pitfalls centers on examples from internal and emergency medicine, but it is fair to presume that pediatric hospitalists remain equally vulnerable to such cognitive error.8 To improve the overall awareness of cognitive bias within inpatient pediatric...

This article explores the view that computational models of cognition may constitute valid theories of cognition, often in the full sense of the term ‘‘theory”. In this discussion, this article examines various (existent or possible) positions on this issue and argues in favor of the view above. It also connects this issue with a number of other relevant issues, such as the general relationship...