Quantum coherence, like entanglement, is a fundamental resource in quantum information. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made formulating theory of coherence from broader perspective. The notions block-coherence and POVM-based have established. Certain challenges, however, remain to be addressed. It difficult define incoherent operations directly, without requiring states, which pr...

Coherence is demonstrated for categories with binary products and sums, but without the terminal and the initial object, and without distribution. This result is obtained with the help of proof-theoretic normalizing techniques. When the terminal object is present, coherence may still be proved if of binary sums we keep just their bifunctorial properties. It is found that with the simplest under...

all biological samples emit ultra-low intensity light without any external stimulation. recently, scientific communities have paid particular attention to this phenomenon, known as ultra-weak photon emission (upe). upe has been introduced in the literature as an alternative for biophoton, low-level chemiluminescence and ultra-weak bioluminescence, while it differs from ordinary bioluminescence,...

A matrix representation is introduced for stationary beam-like light fields that allows simultaneous treatment of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and second-order state spatial coherence. This Coherence-OAM a counterpart 2 x beam Coherence-polarization in Cartesian polarization basis or Coherence-spin (SAM) circular basis. The general properties are discussed then Coherence-SAM-OAM as unifyi...

let $f: arightarrow b$ be a ring homomorphism and let $j$ be an ideal of $b$. in this paper, we investigate the transfer of the property of coherence to the amalgamation $abowtie^{f}j$. we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for $abowtie^{f}j$ to be a coherent ring.