Chlorination disinfection byproducts (CDBPs) can exert adverse human health effects. Many toxicology-based studies confirmed the hazards of CDBPs, but little research has been done on gut microbiome. We explored effect CDBPs intestinal microbiota in Simulator Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME). The results showed that slightly inhibited production short-chain fatty acids, and abundanc...

Tuberculosis of the sigmoid colon is a rare disorder. An 80-year-old man visited Bongseng Memorial Hospital for medical examination. A colonoscopy was performed, and a lesion in the sigmoid colon that was suspected to be colon cancer was found. A biopsy was performed, and tuberculous enteritis with chronic granulomatous inflammation was diagnosed. Intestinal tuberculosis is most frequent in the...

Distention of the proximal colon may have inhibitory or excitatory effects on the rectum and vice versa. The reflexes between the proximal colon and the rectum have not been well studied due to difficulties in accessing the proximal colon. The aim of this study was to investigate the reflex responses and their mechanisms between the proximal colon and the rectum in consideration of distention-r...

Forty six patients with less than 200 cm of normal jejunum and no functioning colon were compared with 38 patients with similar jejunal lengths in continuity with a functioning colon. Women predominated (67%), and the most common diagnosis in each group was Crohn's disease (33 of 46 no colon, 16 of 38 with colon). All patients without a colon and less than 85 cm of jejunum and all those with a ...

TREK-1, TREK-2 and TRAAK are mechanosensitive two-pore domain K (K2P) channels thought to be involved in the attenuation of mechanotransduction. Because colon inflammation is associated with colon mechano-hypersensitivity, we hypothesized that the role of these channels in colon sensory (dorsal root ganglion, DRG) neurons would be reduced by colon inflammation. Accordingly, we studied the funct...

M3 muscarinic receptor (M3R) activation promotes colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Although over-expression of CHRM3, the gene encoding M3R, is reported in primary colon cancers, expression of M3R itself has not been studied in colon neoplasia. We compared M3R expression in normal colon to colon adenomas, and primary and metastatic colon cancers. Compared to adj...

BACKGROUND Although colonoscopy is the criterion standard for detecting colorectal adenomas and cancers, a significant percentage of adenomas are missed. OBJECTIVE To compare forward-viewing with ultrawide-viewing colonoscopy in the detection of simulated colon polyps in an in vitro colon model. DESIGN Prospective, multicenter. SETTING Six endoscopy units (3 in the United States and 3 in ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate gene expression profiles in unaffected colon mucosa and polyp tissue from patients with unifocal colon polyp to investigate the potential mucosa impairment in normal-appearing colon mucosa from these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Colon polyp patients were prospectively recruited. We obtained colon biopsies from the normal-appearing sites and pol...

BACKGROUND/AIMS In isolated guinea-pig colon, we investigated regional differences in peristalsis evoked by intrinsic electrical nerve stimulation. METHODS Four colonic segments from mid and distal colon of Hartley guinea pigs, were mounted horizontally in an organ bath. Measurement of pellet propulsion time, intraluminal pressure, electrical field stimulation (EFS; 0.5 ms, 60 V, 10 Hz), and ...

We consider pairs of automorphisms $(\phi,\sigma)$ acting on fields Laurent or Puiseux series: shift operators $(\phi\colon x\mapsto x+h\_1, \sigma\colon x+h\_2)$, $q$-difference q\_1x$, $\sigma\colon q\_2x)$, and Mahler x^{p\_1},\ x^{p\_2})$. Given a solution $f$ to linear $\phi$-equation $g$ an algebraic $\sigma$-equation, both transcendental, we show that are algebraically independent over t...