The critical research agenda on smart cities has become increasingly interested in the political–economic relations between digital technologies and everyday urban life. It is now clear that city, quotidian activities have valorized as data, are produced, extracted circulated with little, if any, remuneration to those individuals from whom they been abstracted. Smart-city scholars often call th...

Botswana, Ghana, Mauritius and South Africa are sub-Saharan African countries that stand out for their development progress. Each of these countries has succeeded against the odds, against expectations. This paper synthesizes the common ingredients of these countries’ success, and derives lessons. It concludes that smallness, landlockedness, tropical location, distance from world markets, racis...

james morier’s the adventures of hajji baba of ispahan is among works in which traces of the new wave of colonialism at the beginning of the 19th century are clearly evident, a colonialism which, fortified by the newly-established discourse of orientalism, employed literary texts as building blocks to expand and buttress authority and dominance of the west over the east. this paper attempts to ...