This letter describes the substantial activity on the Core Outcome Measure in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) website in 2015, updating our earlier progress reports for the period from the launch of the COMET website and database in August 2011 to December 2014. As in previous years, 2015 saw further increases in the annual number of visits to the website, the number of pages viewed and the number...

Remote observations of solar light scattered by dust in comet 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko coma are of major importance to assess the properties of the dust and thus to prepare the rendezvous of the Rosetta spacecraft with comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. We present polarimetric data obtained from India in December 2008 and France in March 2009. Compared with previous observations of this comet and...

Continuously varying traits such as body size or gene expression level evolve during the history of species or gene lineages. To test hypotheses about the evolution of such traits, the maximum likelihood (ML) method is often used. Here we introduce CoMET (Continuous-character Model Evaluation and Testing), which is module for Mesquite that automates likelihood computations for nine different mo...

The comet assay can distinguish small differences in DNA damage between different samples of cells, implying that statistical tests are important to assess whether this occurs by chance. Excellent scholarly papers with concise descriptions of statistical analysis and recommendations for tests have been published (Lovell et al., 1999; Lovell and Omori, 2008). We often come across publications th...

Introduction: The mechanism of formation of the comet nucleus, and its resulting internal structure is dependent on the initial conditions in the region of comet formation. As primitive building blocks of the solar system, an understanding of the composition, structure and formation of cometary nuclei will provide crucial knowledge on the chemical and physical conditions in the early planetary ...

Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopic compositions are heterogeneous among comet 81P/Wild 2 particle fragments; however, extreme isotopic anomalies are rare, indicating that the comet is not a pristine aggregate of presolar materials. Nonterrestrial nitrogen and neon isotope ratios suggest that indigenous organic matter and highly volatile materials were successfully collected. Except...

In this study, we evaluated whether the protective potential of resveratrol (RSV; 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) against γ-radiation caused damages in peripheral blood lymphocyte of mice. Resveratrol as a polyphenolic compound scavenges free radicals. Various doses of RSV were administered intraperitoneally 2 hours to adult male mice before a single dose of whole-body γ-irradiation (2 Gy). T...

We report the identification of gas jets in comet Hale–Bopp in OH, NH, CN, C2 and C3. This is the first time OH and NH jets without an obvious optical dust jet counterpart have been identified in narrowband comet images. We also confirm the existence of CN jets as reported by Larson et al. (1997) and Mueller et al. (1998). Jet features can be seen in the March and April 1997 datasets, approxima...

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a genetic multisystemic disorder affecting the skin, eyes and cardiovascular system. Basic fundoscopic findings in PXE result from Bruch's membrane involvement. The most important fundoscopic findings are angioid streaks. Other significant ocular findings are peau d'orange appearance, optic disc drusen, pattern dystrophy-like macular appearance, comet lesions, ...

Comet 156P/Russell-LINEAR is a short period Jupiter family comet with an orbital of 6.44 years. The results from spectroscopic, photometric, polarimetric observations and dust modelling studies are presented here. From the spectroscopic study, strong emissions CN(??=0), C3 (?4050 Å), C2(??=+1) C2(??=0) can be observed during both epochs our observations. Q(C2)/Q(CN) ratio classifies as typical ...